Since the PS3 Jailbreak seems to gain a new device that can hack the PS3 pretty much every day, and it's hard to keep up with all of them, I thought I'd compile a list of all phones, MP3 players, etc, that are known to be capable of doing the jailbreak, along with a link for each one to get you started on jailbreaking your PS3.
It moves so quickly this list might not even be complete at the time I post this, but I've tried to make it as complete as possible. I'll update as often as I can, and also add links that have better guides or link to better code for the Jailbreak for that device.

(You must have firmware 3.41 for the PS3 GameOS for the Jailbreak to work. If you are at 3.42 or higher, you can't Jailbreak your PS3. If you're lower than 3.41, update to 3.41 using this file placed on a USB stick in folder PS3, subfolder UPDATE before you try Jailbreaking. Use the Update via Storage Media option in GameOS - if you update using PSN or the Sony website, you will get 3.50 or higher and will not be able to hack your PS3.)

Android Phones:

There are at least 25 different Android smartphones already using the PSFreedom Jailbreak. Below is a link to all known phones that should be compatible, and by clicking the name of one that has a port already completed it has a link describing how to do the jailbreak. It also indicates that it should be possible to port the Jailbreak to the GP2X Wiz Handheld and TomTom One GPS System.

Scroll through and find the phone you're interested in, will indicate whether port already Complete or if they're still working on coding it (In Progress):

Device compatibility list - PSFreedom Wiki

iPhones and iPods :

iPhone 2G & 3G:
PSFreedom / PSGroove Ported to Apple's iPhone and iPod! - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums
IPhoneLinux - PSFreedom Wiki

iPod Touch 1G
PSFreedom / PSGroove Ported to Apple's iPhone and iPod! - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums

iPod Nano 1G
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66995
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f....php?p=694#694
IPhoneLinux - PSFreedom Wiki

iPod Nano 2G:
Saw a reference somewhere to an unstable port of the RockBox Jailbreak, could not find a link though.

iPod Video 5G & 5.5G :
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66995
PSGroove PS3 JailBreak Ported to Rockbox and Working on IPods - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

iPod Color :
PSGroove PS3 JailBreak Ported to Rockbox and Working on IPods - Page 3 - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums

iPod Mini 1G:
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66995
PSGroove PS3 JailBreak Ported to Rockbox and Working on IPods - Page 3 - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

iPod Mini 2G:
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66995
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

iPod 4G Greyscale:
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66995
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...opic.php?t=341
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66820

iPod 4G Color Photo:
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66995
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

iPod Mini 2G:
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

iPod Classic, iPod 1G, 2G and 3G, iPod Nano 3G, 4G, & 5G:

Not compatible with any known Jailbreaks.

MP3 Players :

Sansa – e200, e250, e260, and e270, e280 & c240, c250 (includes e250R etc) :
Note: The e200 series players must be v1 of the original hardware to work. Units manufactured more recently are still labeled with these model numbers but may be v2 with upgraded hardware that will NOT support the jailbreak.
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66925
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?p=532032l

Sansa Clip v2 & Sansa Clip+, Sansa Fuze v2, Sansa c240/c250 v2:
Should be compatible with the current RockBox jailbreak for PS3, however patches haven't been written for these yet.

Sansa Fuze v1, Sansa Clip v1, Sansa e200v2 series:
Not compatible with any known Jailbreaks.

GoGear SA1200, GoGear HDD1630 Jukebox & GoGear HDD6330 Jukebox:
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

Vibe 500:
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

Toshiba Gigabeat:
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

iRiver H10 & iRiver H10 5G:
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

Olympus M-Robe 100:
http://trading-post.sytes.net:6969/f...d651a96247498b

Calculators :

TI-84 Plus and TI-84 Plus Silver Edition:
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66651
More PSFreedom / PSGroove Ports, TI-84 Plus / SE Port Incoming - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums

Xbox 360 NAND Device Jailbreak:
Xbox 360 Usb Spi - Hack For Ps3 - Scenyx Entertainment Community
How to Build a USB Nand Reader for a JTAGed Xbox 360 - AfterDawn: Forums

Handheld Systems :
Dingoo A320
http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=66871

Sony PSP (1000, 2000, 3000, PSP-Go):

Not compatible with any known Jailbreak, and not likely to happen soon/ever given the design of the PSP USB Controller.

DIY (Do It Yourself) Chips Which Can Be Programmed For Jailbreak :

AT90USBKEY2, ATAVRXPLAIN board, D2PROG tool for Wii D2PRO modchip, AT90USB1287, AT90S8515, MinimusUSB AVR USB dev unit, BlackCat USB Flash Memory Programer, Teensy++ / Teensy 2.0, Microingenia 18F2550 trainer, Microingenia BEEPIC 18F2550, Sparkfun USB Bit Whacke r -18F2553 Dev Board, Sparkfun USB Bit Whacke r - 18F2553 PTH Kit, Tronix 2550 Dev Board V2 and V3, Olimex PIC-USB-4550 (PIC-P28-USB and PIC-P40-USB *should* also work) :

http://psx-scene.com/forums/showthread.php?t=65863
PSGroove Compatible Boards - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums
PSGroove USB Boards and DIY Teensy Schematics Detailed - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums
MinimusUSB Announced, Same Price as Teensy and AT90USBKey - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums

Using Original PS3 SixAxis (Not Dualshock 3) Controller to Jailbreak PS3
(Hardware Mod, Requires Soldering on the controller):

Video: PS3 JailBroken with a PlayStation 3 SixAxis Controller? - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums

PS3 Jailbreak Dedicated USB Devices:

The original device which started it all has spawned many clones. Just google PS3 Jailbreak and you'll find a couple dozen “modchip” / jailbreak devices for sale for PS3. The only one I even find worth mentioning (considering you can do it yourself for free if you have any of the above devices) is the P3Hub, which not only jailbreaks the PS3 but includes a USB hub so you'll have additional USB ports available:

P3Hub: The Next PS JailBreak Clone with a PS3 USB Hub Built-In - PS3 NEWS - PlayStation 3 News - PS3 Forums