C/C++ Programming Help Thread

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10-03-2007, 12:53 PM
Auraomega

Thats a good point, as I said, I didn't look in depth into the code... you could however split the printing into a new function, for ease.

Code:

void menu(int arrowYaxis) //new function to be called { clearScreen(RGB(0,0,0)); printTextScreen(0,0,"Hello World", Red); printTextScreen(150, arrowYaxis, "=>",Red); printTextScreen(170, 140, "MenuOption1",White); printTextScreen(170, 150, "MenuOption2",White); printTextScreen(170, 160, "MenuOption3",White); return; } int main() { initGraphics(); sceCtrlReadBufferPositive(&pad, 1); flipScreen(); for(;;) { if(pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_UP) { arrowYaxis+=10; //do functions here menu(arrowYaxis); //calls menu function } if(pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_DOWN) { arrowYAxis-+10; menu(arrowYaxis); /* * this means you can have neater code * while keeping the code functioning * correctly, it also makes it easier * do debug. */ } } }

That should make it all a lot nicer to work with, and means you won't be running through that loop as many times.

-Aura
10-03-2007, 02:50 PM
BlackShark

you can also just call up the function right after the for loop,

Code:

for(;;) { menu(arrowYaxis); //calls menu function if(pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_UP) { arrowYaxis+=10; } if(pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_DOWN) { arrowYAxis-+10; } }//end of for loop

this way, the text shows up, even though your not pressing up or down.
10-03-2007, 02:54 PM
Auraomega

True, but again this is doing the text every loop, which more than anything is slowing the system down, if done the way I showed you add a slight bit of extra code (calling the function with every button combo), but you save a serious amount of processing time as you won't be constantly messing around with the vram.

-Aura
10-03-2007, 02:59 PM
Grimfate126

Zitat:

Zitat von Auraomega

True, but again this is doing the text every loop, which more than anything is slowing the system down, if done the way I showed you add a slight bit of extra code (calling the function with every button combo), but you save a serious amount of processing time as you won't be constantly messing around with the vram.

-Aura

a dont think a piano simulator poses a speed problem on the psp, lol. (wait, this is a piano simulator right?)

also, your method will not display the menu unless the user presses up or down, which is what BlackShark was trying to say.
10-03-2007, 03:04 PM
Auraomega

>.> I didn't notice that...

Ok, you could just call the menu before you enter the loop, and then work from that point, unless you were constantly editing the values.

And just becauses something doesn't pose a speed problem doesn't mean you should get into bad habits... if you get into the habit of making code as fast as possible it will allow making more complex apps with a decent speed easier.

But hey, thats just my opinion, I used to do things the slow way, but lately I've suffered when trying to speed up apps.

-Aura
10-03-2007, 03:23 PM
Grimfate126

Zitat:

Zitat von Auraomega

>.> I didn't notice that...

Ok, you could just call the menu before you enter the loop, and then work from that point, unless you were constantly editing the values.

And just becauses something doesn't pose a speed problem doesn't mean you should get into bad habits... if you get into the habit of making code as fast as possible it will allow making more complex apps with a decent speed easier.

But hey, thats just my opinion, I used to do things the slow way, but lately I've suffered when trying to speed up apps.

-Aura

eh, my statement was a bit misleading, lol.

i dont optimize unless i have everything working in a stable way. premature optimization isnt good, especially at the level of function calling. (how many times you call a function) It can mess up the entire program. But, you cant ignore optimization completely just cause the program is not a full blown 3d RPG, so you're right as well.
10-04-2007, 01:40 AM
yaustar

Optimised code is harder to refractor and maintain then non-optimised code.

Get it working.
If the game runs too slowly, profile to find the bottlenecks.
Attempt to optimise the bottlenecks.
Profile again to see if it made a difference.
10-04-2007, 07:22 AM
SG57

Then when can you decide when it's time to optimize? Nothing is ever 'perfect' or 'complete'. My thoughts are that if you feel you aren't planning on any new updates to your source code for fixing a bug or just adding something new, that'd be the time to optimize as best you can (well, sort of).
10-04-2007, 08:40 AM
Raphael

Feature-freeze = bug-fixing/optimization time. It's as simple as that.
10-05-2007, 01:06 AM
jsharrad

There's actually a recent article on Gamasutra about that. It's an interesting read too.

Check it out
10-05-2007, 01:31 AM
vodkkaa

needs some help with this menu. its late and i want to make a relase before i go to bed but i just cant think atm.

Code:

static int header(int off) { char * head[] = { "Power Options", "Configuration", "System Info" }; int head_size = 3; int i, wid = 0; for(i = 0; i < head_size; i++) wid += scepStrwid((u8 *)head[i]); wid += (head_size + 1) * 10; point p0, p1; setXY(&p0, 240 - wid/2 - 12, -20); setXY(&p1, 240 + wid/2 + 12, 25 + 10); scepClearRect(&p0, &p1, 0); if(off < 0) return 0; setXY(&p0, p0.x + 10, p0.y); setXY(&p1, p1.x - 10, p1.y - 10); randerPanel(&p0, &p1, 15, 4, 4); int start = p0.x + 4 + 10; for(i = 0; i < head_size; i++) { setXY(&p0, start, 15); scepDrawString((u8 *)head[i], &p0, NULL, (i == off)? active_color: inactive_color, (i == off)? active_swcolor: inactive_swcolor, 15, SCEP_SHADOW); start += scepStrwid((u8 *)head[i]) + 10; } u32 key; menuParam mp; mp.items = head; mp.item_num = 3; mp.layout = L_MIDDLE; mp.callback = NULL; mp.offset = 1; mp.active_offset = 1; mp.key_mask = PSP_CTRL_UP | PSP_CTRL_DOWN | PSP_CTRL_CROSS | PSP_CTRL_CIRCLE; key = menu(&mp); if(key == PSP_CTRL_CONFIRM) { switch(mp.offset) { case 0: powerMenu(); case 1: configMenu(); case 2: sysinfoMenu(); } } return 0; }
10-05-2007, 02:00 AM
Moca

Zitat:

Zitat von vodkkaa

needs some help with this menu. its late and i want to make a relase before i go to bed but i just cant think atm.

Personally, I'd need to see the other functions that are called. I can provide my suggestions tho.

You could use function pointers to call whatever functions you need towards the end of your code. Also, you need to add a break; after each of the functions in the switch case.

Code:

switch(mp.offset) { case 0: powerMenu(); case 1: configMenu(); case 2: sysinfoMenu(); }

Should be...

Code:

switch(mp.offset) { case 0: powerMenu(); break; case 1: configMenu(); break; case 2: sysinfoMenu(); break; }

or with function pointers...

Code:

void (*function[])(void) = {powerMenu,configMenu,sysinfoMenu}; // ... if(key == PSP_CTRL_CONFIRM) (*function[mp.offset])();

With the second method, you could easily add another function or whatever. Plus it looks good in my opinion.
10-05-2007, 02:32 AM
vodkkaa

Zitat:

Zitat von Moca

Should be...

Code:

switch(mp.offset) { case 0: powerMenu(); break; case 1: configMenu(); break; case 2: sysinfoMenu(); break; }

oops, i missed those. but thats not my main problem. the actions of the menu (changing selection) doesnt work at all.:Argh: :Argh: :Argh:
10-07-2007, 05:53 PM
qwerty6523

help

i am trying to make a homebrew application that you have to guess the capitals of all 50 states.
this is my source code

#include <String.h>
#include <Stdlib.h>
#include <Stdio.h>
#include <Time.h>
PSP_MODULE_INFO("States", 0, 1, 1);

/* Exit callback */
int exit_callback(int arg1, int arg2, void *common) {
sceKernelExitGame();
return 0;
}

/* Callback thread */
int CallbackThread(SceSize args, void *argp) {
int cbid;

cbid = sceKernelCreateCallback(" Exit Callback", exit_callback, NULL);
sceKernelRegisterExitCall back(cbid);

sceKernelSleepThreadCB();

return 0;
}

/* Sets up the callback thread and returns its thread id */
int SetupCallbacks(void) {
int thid = 0;

thid = sceKernelCreateThread("up date_thread", CallbackThread, 0x11, 0xFA0, 0, 0);
if(thid >= 0) {
sceKernelStartThread(thid , 0, 0);
}

return thid;
}
char State[50][255] = {"Alabama",
"Alaska",
"Arizona",
"Arkansas",
"California",
"Colorado",
"Connecticut",
"Delaware",
"Florida",
"Georgia",
"Hawaii",
"Idaho",
"Illinois",
"Indiana",
"Iowa",
"Kansas",
"Kentucky",
"Louisiana",
"Maine",
"Maryland",
"Massachusetts",
"Michigan",
"Minnesota",
"Mississippi",
"Missouri",
"Montana",
"Nebraska",
"Nevada",
"New Hampshire",
"New Jersey",
"New Mexico",
"New York",
"North Carolina",
"North Dakota",
"Ohio",
"Oklahoma",
"Oregon",
"Pennsylvania",
"Rhode Island",
"South Carolina",
"South Dakota",
"Tennessee",
"Texas",
"Utah",
"Vermont",
"Virginia",
"Washington",
"West Virginia",
"Wisconsin",
"Wyoming"};

char Capital[50][255] = {"Montgomery",
"Juneau",
"Phoenix",
"Little Rock",
"Sacramento",
"Denver",
"Hartford",
"Dover",
"Tallahassee",
"Atlanta",
"Honolulu",
"Boise",
"Springfield",
"Indianapolis",
"Des Moines",
"Topeka",
"Frankfort",
"Baton Rouge",
"Augusta",
"Annapolis",
"Boston",
"Lansing",
"St. Paul",
"Jackson",
"Jefferson City",
"Helena",
"Lincoln",
"Carson City",
"Concord",
"Trenton",
"Santa Fe",
"Albany",
"Raleigh",
"Bismarck",
"Columbus",
"Oklahoma City",
"Salem",
"Harrisburg",
"Providence",
"Columbia",
"Pierre",
"Nashville",
"Austin",
"Salt Lake City",
"Montpelier",
"Richmond",
"Olympia",
"Charleston",
"Madison",
"Cheyenne"};
int main() {
pspDebugScreenInit();
SetupCallbacks();

srand(time(0));

int NumCorrect = 0;
int NumIncorrect = 0;

while(true)
{
int RandNum = rand() % 49;

if(!strlen(State[RandNum]))
{
while(!strlen(State[RandNum]))
{
RandNum = rand() % 49;
}
}

char Answer[255];
char Buffer[255];

sprintf(Buffer, "What is the capital of %s?", State[RandNum]);
puts(Buffer);
gets(Answer);

if(!strcmp(Answer, Capital[RandNum]))
{
NumCorrect ++;

if(NumCorrect == 50)
{
puts("You guessed all 50 state capitals!\n"
"You win!!! (-:");

system("pause");

exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

strcpy(State[RandNum], "");
strcpy(Capital[RandNum], "");
printf("%s, was correct! Excellent Job!\n", Answer);
}
else
{
NumIncorrect ++;

if(NumIncorrect == 3)
{
puts("You got three (3) answers incorrect.\n"
"You lose!!! )-:");

system("pause");

exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

printf("%s, was incorrect. The correct answer was %s.\n", Answer, Capital[RandNum]);
}

printf("Your score is:\n"
"Correct : %i\n"
"Incorrect : %i\n\n", NumCorrect, NumIncorrect);

system("pause");
system("cls");
}

system("pause");

return(0);
}
i am actually porting it to the psp

i have the files for the danzeff keyboard could someone explain to me how i would use the keyboard with this program

thank you i nadvance
10-08-2007, 07:13 AM
myschoo

always put src code into [code] tags
10-08-2007, 07:21 AM
Archaemic

Way to totally ignore my advice on the ps2dev forums.
10-08-2007, 08:02 AM
Mr305

Intresting effect: toggle = -(~toggle)
is same as
toggle++; :tup:
10-08-2007, 08:10 AM
Archaemic

Not quite. It takes more instructions, and returns the same as ++toggle, but not toggle++.
10-08-2007, 08:36 AM
Mr305

Even in my GU "heavy" progs I got a lot of fps to spare.
10-08-2007, 08:44 AM
Archaemic

You should still do something in the most obvious syntax, which -(~var) definitely is NOT.
10-08-2007, 12:04 PM
Auraomega

Not quite programming, but I need some help on decrypting the pspbtcnf.bin file from the m33 firmwares, don't know where or whom to ask, so if anyone can point me in the right direction I'd apprechiate it.

Also, while I'm here, if -(~var) is the same as +var, does that mean the ~ inverts the variable, or does it do something else?

-Aura
10-08-2007, 12:09 PM
Moca

Zitat:

Zitat von Auraomega

Also, while I'm here, if -(~var) is the same as +var, does that mean the ~ inverts the variable, or does it do something else?
-Aura

It reverses all the bits. All 1's become 0 vice versa.

This is just an example of how the bits would change using the ~ bitwise operator.

00000000 becomes 11111111.
10110010 becomes 01001101.
10-08-2007, 12:56 PM
Archaemic

It's equivalent in end result to ++var (see Two's complement), but is grossly inefficient and hard to read.
10-08-2007, 02:26 PM
Auraomega

Having a problem, not sure if its my code or Cygwin...

Error message

Code:

warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 0000000008900018

Spoiler for Code:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pspsdk.h>
#include <pspkernel.h>

PSP_MODULE_INFO("KMode", 0x1006, 1, 1);
PSP_MAIN_THREAD_ATTR(0);

int write_config(int option[4])
{
FILE* config;
if((config = fopen("flash1:/CMS/config.ini", "wb"))==NULL) return -1;
fprintf(config, "0 %d %d %d %d", option[1], option[2], option [3], option[4]);
fclose(config);
return 1;
}

int module_start(SceSize args, void *argp)
{
return 0;
}

int module_stop()
{
return 0;
}

I'm also not getting a .prx compiled, not sure if thats because of the above warning, or a fault in my makefile (I can't see one specifically though).

Spoiler for Makefile:

TARGET = kmodeplugin
OBJS = main.o

INCDIR =
CFLAGS = -O2 -G0 -Wall
CXXFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
ASFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)

BUILD_PRX = 1
#PSP_FW_VERSION = 2.50
PRX_EXPORTS = kmode.exp

USE_KERNEL_LIBC=1
USE_KERNEL_LIBS=1

LIBDIR =
LDFLAGS = -mno-crt0 -nostartfiles
LIBS =

PSPSDK=$(shell psp-config --pspsdk-path)
include $(PSPSDK)/lib/build.mak

-Aura
10-08-2007, 05:33 PM
Judas

Zitat:

Zitat von Auraomega

Having a problem, not sure if its my code or Cygwin...

Error message

Code:

warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 0000000008900018

Spoiler for Code:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pspsdk.h>
#include <pspkernel.h>

PSP_MODULE_INFO("KMode", 0x1006, 1, 1);
PSP_MAIN_THREAD_ATTR(0);

int write_config(int option[4])
{
FILE* config;
if((config = fopen("flash1:/CMS/config.ini", "wb"))==NULL) return -1;
fprintf(config, "0 %d %d %d %d", option[1], option[2], option [3], option[4]);
fclose(config);
return 1;
}

int module_start(SceSize args, void *argp)
{
return 0;
}

int module_stop()
{
return 0;
}

I'm also not getting a .prx compiled, not sure if thats because of the above warning, or a fault in my makefile (I can't see one specifically though).

Spoiler for Makefile:

TARGET = kmodeplugin
OBJS = main.o

INCDIR =
CFLAGS = -O2 -G0 -Wall
CXXFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
ASFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)

BUILD_PRX = 1
#PSP_FW_VERSION = 2.50
PRX_EXPORTS = kmode.exp

USE_KERNEL_LIBC=1
USE_KERNEL_LIBS=1

LIBDIR =
LDFLAGS = -mno-crt0 -nostartfiles
LIBS =

PSPSDK=$(shell psp-config --pspsdk-path)
include $(PSPSDK)/lib/build.mak

-Aura

Don't know what's wrong with your code, but if you're making a .prx, change this line:

include $(PSPSDK)/lib/build.mak

to

include $(PSPSDK)/lib/build_prx.mak
10-09-2007, 12:00 PM
Auraomega

Cheers, that solved the problem.

I'm now having a new one with loading a kmode plugin in 3.XX, my code so far:

Spoiler for plugin:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pspsdk.h>
#include <pspkernel.h>

PSP_MODULE_INFO("KMode", 0x1006, 1, 1);
PSP_MAIN_THREAD_ATTR(0);

int write_config(int option[4])
{
FILE* config;
if((config = fopen("flash1:/CMS/config.ini", "wb"))==NULL) return -1;
fprintf(config, "0 %d %d %d %d", option[1], option[2], option[3], option[4]);
fclose(config);
return 1;
}

int module_start(SceSize args, void *argp)
{
return 0;
}

int module_stop()
{
return 0;
}

That outputs the file kmodeplugin.prx, I then use that, plus the stub file and try to load the prx for use later...

Spoiler for loading code:

SceUID mod = pspSdkLoadStartModule("km odeplugin.prx", PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERN EL);
if(mod<0)
{
printf("0x%08X\n", mod);
fatalerror();
}

That alyways returns the same value, 0x8002032C, which is SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_NOCWD, but I'm not actually sure of the meaning, nor the cause. This is all a new area to me though, so any help is welcome.

-Aura
10-09-2007, 12:01 PM
Archaemic

NOCWD means "no current working directory". Set the current working directory or use an absolute path.

(Although I have no clue how you managed to get a state without a current working directory)
10-09-2007, 12:08 PM
Auraomega

Right, I've now sorted that much out, I put it in ms0:/ and I'm calling ms0:/kmodeplugin.prx, but instead I'm getting the SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_LIBRARY_ NOTFOUND error, even though I know its the correct file path... all very odd.

-Aura
10-09-2007, 02:16 PM
_dysfunctional

Zitat:

Zitat von Auraomega

Cheers, that solved the problem.

I'm now having a new one with loading a kmode plugin in 3.XX, my code so far:

Spoiler for plugin:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pspsdk.h>
#include <pspkernel.h>

PSP_MODULE_INFO("KMode", 0x1006, 1, 1);
PSP_MAIN_THREAD_ATTR(0);

int write_config(int option[4])
{
FILE* config;
if((config = fopen("flash1:/CMS/config.ini", "wb"))==NULL) return -1;
fprintf(config, "0 %d %d %d %d", option[1], option[2], option[3], option[4]);
fclose(config);
return 1;
}

int module_start(SceSize args, void *argp)
{
return 0;
}

int module_stop()
{
return 0;
}

That outputs the file kmodeplugin.prx, I then use that, plus the stub file and try to load the prx for use later...

Spoiler for loading code:

SceUID mod = pspSdkLoadStartModule("km odeplugin.prx", PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERN EL);
if(mod<0)
{
printf("0x%08X\n", mod);
fatalerror();
}

That alyways returns the same value, 0x8002032C, which is SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_NOCWD, but I'm not actually sure of the meaning, nor the cause. This is all a new area to me though, so any help is welcome.

-Aura

:o
You do realize that arrays in C start with the index 0, right? That code will just have a buffer overflow, which will crash your application.
10-09-2007, 02:48 PM
Archaemic

Yeah, you want indices 0, 1, 2, and 3. Technically, that shouldn't crash your application on the PSP unless the address is out of bounds (ie past the end of your partition) because of the way the PSP's memory works, but buffer read overflows on the PSP are bad news. I know this from experience. You'll be glad you're fixing it now instead of when you can't figure out why it's not working.
10-09-2007, 03:05 PM
Auraomega

Actually, I want it like that, the first option, option[0] is yet to have any effect, hence why when the file is written its written with a 0, because for now the first option is unused, once I've finished work on that option I'll add it in the first one, so in reality the code would be...

Code:

fprintf(config, "%d %d %d %d %d", option[0], option[1], option[2], option[3], option[4]);

but I just did that to save myself some bother for now.

-Aura
10-09-2007, 03:08 PM
Archaemic

Then it should be int option[5], as that's five indices.
10-09-2007, 03:12 PM
Auraomega

Ah, I think I get you... so it would be

Code:

int write_config(int option[5]) { ... }

instead of

Code:

int write_config(int option[4]) { ... }

?

-Aura
10-09-2007, 03:13 PM
Archaemic

Yep :tup:
[n] indices go from 0 to n-1.
10-10-2007, 05:47 AM
myschoo

does stdio file functions work in kernel?
10-10-2007, 05:52 AM
Auraomega

Zitat:

Zitat von myschoo

does stdio file functions work in kernel?

I believe so, as I've used them in 1.50 kernel apps before, though they may not work 3.XX.

-Aura
10-10-2007, 06:02 AM
Coolj

Zitat:

Zitat von myschoo

does stdio file functions work in kernel?

Yes,they work.I used them in a kernel plugin i made to dump memory.
10-10-2007, 07:29 AM
Auraomega

Getting a very odd problem when trying to unload a module...

When I use this code:

Code:

while ((mod = sceKernelFindModuleByName("sceVshCommonGui_Module"))) { sceKernelStopModule(mod->modid, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); sceKernelUnloadModule(mod->modid); }

and then try to load the module, it returns a 0x8002013C error, but when that line is removed the module loads first time, its not the only odd bug, because I'm still having issues starting a kmode app, which when the module works, returns the 0x8002013C error too, but I know is there because I can load it, just not start it.

Any help?

-Aura
10-10-2007, 08:58 AM
myschoo

Coolj: strange i always get errors :/

can you post here your Makefile?
10-10-2007, 09:03 AM
Auraomega

Zitat:

Zitat von myschoo

Coolj: strange i always get errors :/

can you post here your Makefile?

I get masses of errors if I add this to my makefile...

USE_PSPSDK_LIBC = 1

Change that to

USE_PSPSDK_LIBC = 0

or simply remove it, normally solves the problems.

-Aura

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