C/C++ Programming Help Thread

[Auraomega]

i'm using psplink for the first time and i'm wondering if theres a command that you type in pcterm to start the vsh so i can look at what modules are loaded and basically just have a look round

btw i'm on 3.52 m33

If you download the PSPLink that included in the RemoteJoy package (I know its definatly on Maxconsole, not sure about here) it includes a script that can reboot to the XMB, as far as I'm aware, PCterm is for the old version of PSPLink, PSPSH is the one included in RemoteJoy.

-Aura

[myschoo]

Only the USE_KERNEL_LIBC :P
Else the kernel mode prx won't work in anything > 3.40

when i remove

USE_KERNEL_LIBC = 1

line then i get this error:

/usr/local/pspdev/lib/gcc/psp/4.1.0/../../../../psp/lib/libc.a(_sbrk.o): In func
tion `_sbrk':
../../../../../../newlib/libc/sys/psp/libcglue.c:524: undefined reference to `sc
eKernelMaxFreeMemSize'

[Raphael]

when i remove

USE_KERNEL_LIBC = 1

line then i get this error:

/usr/local/pspdev/lib/gcc/psp/4.1.0/../../../../psp/lib/libc.a(_sbrk.o): In func
tion `_sbrk':
../../../../../../newlib/libc/sys/psp/libcglue.c:524: undefined reference to `sc
eKernelMaxFreeMemSize'

Because Kernel Libc needs -lpspkernel. Just add it to the last position of the LIBS line in the makefile

[myschoo]

im getting same error

TARGET = testprx
OBJS = main.o blit.o
BUILD_PRX = 1
#USE_KERNEL_LIBC = 1
USE_KERNEL_LIBS = 1

INCDIR =
CFLAGS = -O2 -G0 -Wall
CXXFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
ASFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)

LIBDIR =
LIBS = -lpng -lz -lm -lpspkernel
LDFLAGS =

PSPSDK=$(shell psp-config --pspsdk-path)
include $(PSPSDK)/lib/build.mak

also tried build_prx.mak...same error

[MrChaos]

Ugh..I'm still working on my sidescroller. The animation WAS working, but Idk what happened to it.

Whenever you get to the game part (the code I will post below), you can move 2 pixels, then the game will freeze.

 
#include <pspkernel.h>
#include <pspdisplay.h>
#include <pspctrl.h>
#include <stdio.h> //ADDITION FOR SPRINTF
#include </usr/include/sys/stat.h> //ADDITION FOR TIME
#include "graphics.h"


#define RGB(r, g, b) ((r)|((g)<<8)|((b)<<16))

void Game()
{
 SceCtrlData pad;

  // NOTE! LinkWalking1.png is a stand-still motion. 
 
 Image* Link[35];
 Link[0] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
 Link[1] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
 Link[2] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
 Link[2] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
 Link[4] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png"); 
 Link[5] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
 Link[6] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
 Link[7] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
 Link[8] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
 Link[9] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png"); 
 Link[10] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
 Link[11] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
 Link[12] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
 Link[13] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
 Link[14] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
 Link[15] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
 Link[16] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
 Link[17] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
 Link[18] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
 Link[19] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
 Link[20] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
 Link[21] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
 Link[22] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
 Link[23] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
 Link[24] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
 Link[25] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
 Link[26] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
 Link[27] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png"); 
 Link[28] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
 Link[29] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
 Link[30] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
 Link[31] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
 Link[32] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
 Link[33] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
 Link[34] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
 

 Image* Level1;
 Level1 = loadImage("./Images/Level1/1-1.png");

 int FrameCounter = 0;
 int MenuOne = 0;
 
 int LinkPosX = 0;
 int LinkFrameCounter = 0;
 
 while(1)
 {
 sceCtrlReadBufferPositive(&pad, 1);

 if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_RIGHT)
 {
                 LinkPosX += 2;
                 LinkFrameCounter ++;
                 
                 if (LinkFrameCounter > 34)
                 {
                                      LinkFrameCounter = 1;
                 }
 }
 
 if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_LEFT)
 {
                   LinkFrameCounter++;                
                   LinkPosX -= 2;   
                   
                   if (LinkFrameCounter > 34)
                   {
                                      LinkFrameCounter = 1;
                   }
 }               
 
 
    

 blitAlphaImageToScreen(0, 0, 480, 272, Level1, 0, 0); 
 blitAlphaImageToScreen(0, 0, 50, 55, Link[LinkFrameCounter], LinkPosX, 195);
 

 sceDisplayWaitVblankStart();
 flipScreen();
}
}

Don't ask why I repeat blitting the same image 5 times...it makes it run smoother.

And it doesn't freeze because I'm blitting the same image 5 times, becuase it worked before..

Anyone see the problem?

[Mr305]

;
Link[0] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
Link[1] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
Link[2] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
Link[2] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
Link[4] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
Link[5] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
Link[6] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
Link[7] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
Link[8] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
Link[9] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
Link[10] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
Link[11] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
Link[12] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
Link[13] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
Link[14] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
Link[15] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
Link[16] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
Link[17] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
Link[18] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
Link[19] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
Link[20] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
Link[21] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
Link[22] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
Link[23] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
Link[24] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking5.png");
Link[25] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
Link[26] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
Link[27] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
Link[28] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
Link[29] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking6.png");
Link[30] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
Link[31] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
Link[32] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
Link[33] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");
Link[34] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking7.png");

Image* Level1[1];
Level1[0] = loadImage("./Images/Level1/1-1.png");

int FrameCounter = 0;
int MenuOne = 0;

int LinkPosX = 0;
int LinkFrameCounter = 0;

while(1)
{
sceCtrlReadBufferPositive (&pad, 1);

if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_RIGHT)
{
LinkPosX += 2;
LinkFrameCounter ++;
}

if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_LEFT)
{
LinkFrameCounter++;
LinkPosX -= 2;
}


blitAlphaImageToScreen(0, 0, 480, 272, Level1[0], 0, 0);
blitAlphaImageToScreen(0, 0, 50, 55, Link[LinkFrameCounter], LinkPosX, 195);


sceDisplayWaitVblankStart ();
flipScreen();
}
}
[/code]

Anyone see the problem?

Insteading of loading the same image 5 times in array and playing that back, you should instead Use loops and do the manipulation.

NEVER do:

Somedatatype var[1]; instead Somedatatype var;

Image* Level1[1]; -> Image* Level1;

[MrChaos]

Insteading of loading the same image 5 times in array and playing that back, you should instead Use loops and do the manipulation.

NEVER do:

Somedatatype var[1]; instead Somedatatype var;

Image* Level1[1]; -> Image* Level1;

But would that be the reason it's freezing? Because it worked before.
EDIT: Nope, that's not fixing the problem.

Ok, I fixed the Level1 thing.

So..Can anyone help me..?

[myschoo]

im getting same error

TARGET = testprx
OBJS = main.o blit.o
BUILD_PRX = 1
#USE_KERNEL_LIBC = 1
USE_KERNEL_LIBS = 1

INCDIR =
CFLAGS = -O2 -G0 -Wall
CXXFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
ASFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)

LIBDIR =
LIBS = -lpng -lz -lm -lpspkernel
LDFLAGS =

PSPSDK=$(shell psp-config --pspsdk-path)
include $(PSPSDK)/lib/build.mak

also tried build_prx.mak...same error

can anyone help? :/

[pspballer07]

But would that be the reason it's freezing? Because it worked before.
EDIT: Nope, that's not fixing the problem.

Ok, I fixed the Level1 thing.

So..Can anyone help me..?

its probably freezin cuz u are taking up a bunch of pointless memory loading the same image over again. You could change what u had to this (just changin to point to it):

Link[0] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
Link[1] = Link[0];
Link[2] = Link[0];
Link[2] = Link[0];
Link[4] = Link[0];
Link[5] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
Link[6] = Link[5];
Link[7] = Link[5];
Link[8] = Link[5];
Link[9] = Link[5];
Link[10] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
Link[11] = Link[10];
Link[12] = Link[10];
Link[13] = Link[10];
Link[14] = Link[10];
Link[15] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
Link[16] = Link[15];
Link[17] = Link[15];
Link[18] =  Link[15];
Link[19] =  Link[15];
//do that to all of it
//and so on.....

just make sure when u do freeImage() that u free only the actual ones that loaded them

[MrChaos]

its probably freezin cuz u are taking up a bunch of pointless memory loading the same image over again. You could change what u had to this (just changin to point to it):

Link[0] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
Link[1] = Link[0];
Link[2] = Link[0];
Link[2] = Link[0];
Link[4] = Link[0];
Link[5] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
Link[6] = Link[5];
Link[7] = Link[5];
Link[8] = Link[5];
Link[9] = Link[5];
Link[10] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
Link[11] = Link[10];
Link[12] = Link[10];
Link[13] = Link[10];
Link[14] = Link[10];
Link[15] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
Link[16] = Link[15];
Link[17] = Link[15];
Link[18] =  Link[15];
Link[19] =  Link[15];
//do that to all of it
//and so on.....

just make sure when u do freeImage() that u free only the actual ones that loaded them

I changed it and it still freezes..

Wait a min...freeImage()? I never had that in there..Where should I put it..out of or in the loop?

[myschoo]

out of the loop

and little tip:

this:

if (LinkFrameCounter > 34)
{
LinkFrameCounter = 1;
}

is same as

if (LinkFrameCounter > 34) LinkFrameCounter = 1;

[hallo007]

I want some info about encrypted prx'en

are this statements correct

1 We can decrypt prx with ever time the same code , if the prx is of the X.XX kernel that you are using ( where you run the decrypter) , but it wont work with a dump of another firmware

for example , you are on 150 firmware and decrypt the firmware with the code , then you tried it with a dump of 3.0 but it wont work , but when you launch the same code on 3.0 it will work

2 eu , let's start with statement one:)

[MrChaos]

Ok, Ive done everything you guys told me to, but it still doesn't work...

Maybe my RAM is full, because I was never clearing it or something?

[MaTiAz]

I want some info about encrypted prx'en

are this statements correct

1 We can decrypt prx with ever time the same code , if the prx is of the X.XX kernel that you are using ( where you run the decrypter) , but it wont work with a dump of another firmware

for example , you are on 150 firmware and decrypt the firmware with the code , then you tried it with a dump of 3.0 but it wont work , but when you launch the same code on 3.0 it will work

2 eu , let's start with statement one:)

1. It depends on the module, if it's different in the other firmware, it won't most likely work as it's missing an export or something. The decryption keys change in most firmware versions.

I quite didn't understand the example, maybe someone esle does...

[hallo007]

nvm , you gave the answer:)

[Auraomega]

its probably freezin cuz u are taking up a bunch of pointless memory loading the same image over again. You could change what u had to this (just changin to point to it):

Link[0] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking1.png");
Link[1] = Link[0];
Link[2] = Link[0];
Link[2] = Link[0];
Link[4] = Link[0];
Link[5] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking2.png");
Link[6] = Link[5];
Link[7] = Link[5];
Link[8] = Link[5];
Link[9] = Link[5];
Link[10] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking3.png");
Link[11] = Link[10];
Link[12] = Link[10];
Link[13] = Link[10];
Link[14] = Link[10];
Link[15] = loadImage("./Images/Link/LinkWalking4.png");
Link[16] = Link[15];
Link[17] = Link[15];
Link[18] =  Link[15];
Link[19] =  Link[15];
//do that to all of it
//and so on.....

just make sure when u do freeImage() that u free only the actual ones that loaded them

Surely that also is taking up pointless space, surely you could either just do this with pointers, or better yet, with loops.

u8 sprite = 0;      //takes less memory than int
 while(1)
 {
 sceCtrlReadBufferPositive(&pad, 1);

 if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_RIGHT)
 {
                 LinkPosX += 2;
                 //LinkFrameCounter ++;      //remove
                 sprite++;                   //add to sprite

                 if (LinkFrameCounter > 34)  LinkFrameCounter = 1; //much nicer code
 }

 if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_LEFT)
 {
                   //LinkFrameCounter++;     //remove
                   LinkPosX -= 2;
                   spirte++;                 //add to sprite

                 if (LinkFrameCounter > 34)  LinkFrameCounter = 1; //much nicer code
 }


if(sprite==5){                        //if sprite = 5, move to next Link, then reset spirte to 0
              LinkFrameCounter++;
              sprite=0;
             }

 blitAlphaImageToScreen(0, 0, 480, 272, Level1, 0, 0);
 blitAlphaImageToScreen(0, 0, 50, 55, Link[LinkFrameCounter], LinkPosX, 195);


 sceDisplayWaitVblankStart();
 flipScreen();
}
}

using this, you can remove most of those link[] bits, it will keep moving exactly how you want, you add an extra variable, but you are freeing up a lot more space.

Hope that of at least some help.
-Aura

[MrChaos]

Surely that also is taking up pointless space, surely you could either just do this with pointers, or better yet, with loops.

u8 sprite = 0;      //takes less memory than int
 while(1)
 {
 sceCtrlReadBufferPositive(&pad, 1);

 if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_RIGHT)
 {
                 LinkPosX += 2;
                 //LinkFrameCounter ++;      //remove
                 sprite++;                   //add to sprite

                 if (LinkFrameCounter > 34)  LinkFrameCounter = 1; //much nicer code
 }

 if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_LEFT)
 {
                   //LinkFrameCounter++;     //remove
                   LinkPosX -= 2;
                   spirte++;                 //add to sprite

                 if (LinkFrameCounter > 34)  LinkFrameCounter = 1; //much nicer code
 }


if(sprite==5){                        //if sprite = 5, move to next Link, then reset spirte to 0
              LinkFrameCounter++;
              sprite=0;
             }

 blitAlphaImageToScreen(0, 0, 480, 272, Level1, 0, 0);
 blitAlphaImageToScreen(0, 0, 50, 55, Link[LinkFrameCounter], LinkPosX, 195);


 sceDisplayWaitVblankStart();
 flipScreen();
}
}

using this, you can remove most of those link[] bits, it will keep moving exactly how you want, you add an extra variable, but you are freeing up a lot more space.

Hope that of at least some help.
-Aura

Well, Idk what I did, but I slowly re-made the code and it worked. Thanks for you help, though.

[Auraomega]

Can anyone point me in the direction of an AI tutorial? The one on QJ has been removed by the looks of things, and I couldn't find another.

Thanks.
-Aura

[pspballer07]

Can anyone point me in the direction of an AI tutorial? The one on QJ has been removed by the looks of things, and I couldn't find another.

Thanks.
-Aura

gamedev.net
flipcode.com

[Auraomega]

gamedev.net
flipcode.com

Thanks, I'll take a look at them both

-Aura

[pspballer07]

Thanks, I'll take a look at them both

-Aura

yup
they're good for overall game development

[Auraomega]

I'm still having problems with using GU in the XMB, I've also noticed that using

SceUID vsh_graphics;
pspSdkReferThreadStatusByName("SCE_VSH_GRAPHICS",&vsh_graphics,0);
sceKernelSuspendThread(vsh_graphics);

has no effect unless I'm using PSPLink, when I do this without PSPLink it has no effect at all.

Does anyone know anything I specifically need to do to solve either problem?

-Aura

[Mr305]

For smoothness, Is it recommended to use float or ints ?

in things involving X & y pos / width /height like in blit functions? [Becz, In smooth scrolling, Decimal values are used]

What happens when we try to use not integer decimal values like 0.5 [that's half of a pixel]

[Auraomega]

For smoothness, Is it recommended to use float or ints ?

in things involving X & y pos / width /height like in blit functions? [Becz, In smooth scrolling, Decimal values are used]

What happens when we try to use not integer decimal values like 0.5 [that's half of a pixel]

Some of this is only a guess so it may not be correct... Seeing as a pixal is the smallest individual part of a picture you can't have a fraction of that pixal, so the value would do 1 of 4 things:

1. Crash
2. Always round up
3. Always round down
4. Round up or down depending on number...

From past experiance (working with my map algorithms) I'd say its most likely to round down, no matter what the value, so 0.5 would become 0, 0.8 would become 0, and 2.2 would become 2. If you tried moved by 0.5 pixals, you wouldn't move anywhere, as you'd technically be moving by 0 pixals.

Of course, I don't know how much of this is true, its just what I observed when making the maps for RoadBlocks.

-Aura

[Raphael]

Some of this is only a guess so it may not be correct... Seeing as a pixal is the smallest individual part of a picture you can't have a fraction of that pixal, so the value would do 1 of 4 things:

1. Crash
2. Always round up
3. Always round down
4. Round up or down depending on number...

From past experiance (working with my map algorithms) I'd say its most likely to round down, no matter what the value, so 0.5 would become 0, 0.8 would become 0, and 2.2 would become 2. If you tried moved by 0.5 pixals, you wouldn't move anywhere, as you'd technically be moving by 0 pixals.

Of course, I don't know how much of this is true, its just what I observed when making the maps for RoadBlocks.

-Aura

5. Use subpixel accuracy and filter the pixel accordingly

[Mr305]

5. Use subpixel accuracy and filter the pixel accordingly

That means?...

[Raphael]

A pixel placed at 0.5 will be drawn at position 0 but only get half intensity (plus half intensity of following pixel).

[myschoo]

im getting same error

TARGET = testprx
OBJS = main.o blit.o
BUILD_PRX = 1
#USE_KERNEL_LIBC = 1
USE_KERNEL_LIBS = 1

INCDIR =
CFLAGS = -O2 -G0 -Wall
CXXFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
ASFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)

LIBDIR =
LIBS = -lpng -lz -lm -lpspkernel
LDFLAGS =

PSPSDK=$(shell psp-config --pspsdk-path)
include $(PSPSDK)/lib/build.mak

also tried build_prx.mak...same error

pls can anyone help? i cant compile prx in kernel mode, i get error undefined reference to sceKernelMaxFreeMemSize

/usr/local/pspdev/lib/gcc/psp/4.1.0/../../../../psp/lib/libc.a(_sbrk.o): In func
tion `_sbrk':
../../../../../../newlib/libc/sys/psp/libcglue.c:524: undefined reference to `sc
eKernelMaxFreeMemSize'

[Mr305]

pls can anyone help? i cant compile prx in kernel mode, i get error undefined reference to sceKernelMaxFreeMemSize

/usr/local/pspdev/lib/gcc/psp/4.1.0/../../../../psp/lib/libc.a(_sbrk.o): In func
tion `_sbrk':
../../../../../../newlib/libc/sys/psp/libcglue.c:524: undefined reference to `sc
eKernelMaxFreeMemSize'

get rid of pspDebug* and see if it compiles

[myschoo]

im not using pspdebug altogether

#include <pspkernel.h>
#include <pspdisplay.h>
#include <pspgu.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pspctrl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <pspiofilemgr.h>
#include "blit.h"

am i missing something? :/