C/C++ Programming Help Thread

When it displays te "www" I can use the home button and exit to the XMB, only that it doesn't, it crashes. I'll try PSPLink.

EDIT: Btw, can you tell me more specifically what to do with PSPLink? I've installed and managed to connect it with usbhostfs_pc.exe, but I'm sleepy, can't figure out what to do next.

I'll also try using another image.

Once you've got it loaded as well as the PC side shell you type in stuff and PSPLink will make the PSP do other stuff... yay my powers of explaination are amazing.

Example, typing project4.prx would load Project4 for me from the current working directory, modlist would list the modules loaded, reset vsh would reset the vsh mode. The real beauty comes in crashes where it actually outputs something useful for you and printf commands print to the shell... which leads me to another point.

[RANT]
Never use #define because:
A) When people read your code its next to impossible to see whats going on.
B) You may make functions useless, for example pspDebugScreenPrintf to printf just removed the ability to use printf with PSPLink.
[/RANT]

When in the shell you can type help to get a list of 5 main options, then help [option] to see more info on things... help module for example gives a list of functions available that work with modules, either reading, loading, stopping, sleeping... whatever its all there.

PSPLink = God of PSP debugger software imho.

-Aura

I would just say "thank you" and that would finish it, but then, there's more problems with the CLUT.

So, using the provided solution, which helped me, thanks, copied it into two functions, initClut and drawClut, which are in the "working" section of the attachment.
They work perfectly, as you can see when compiling it.

Then, i moved these two functions to the Class, map it's name, and now it doesn't work at all. The graphics are all scrawny, out of sync. i double checked, the functions are LITERALLY the same, and the makefile also contains the same flags.

And now i'm in the dark. Why, and what shall be done in order to repair it?

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Auraomega

[RANT]
Never use #define because:
A) When people read your code its next to impossible to see whats going on.
B) You may make functions useless, for example pspDebugScreenPrintf to printf just removed the ability to use printf with PSPLink.
[/RANT]

---

To clarify:

Don't use #define for constants if you are using C++ (with C you haven't got much of a choice).
Don't use #define to give an alias to a function, class, variable or struct name unless there is good reason to.

There will be times where using a #define is a valid choice.

Zitat:

---

Zitat von yaustar

To clarify:

There will be times where using a #define is a valid choice.

---

Such as if you're trying to build a program for multi-platform release.

I made a program a long time ago which was compiled both for PSP and PC. It contained code which was related only to to the PSP or the PC. I used defines to block out platform-specific code, so I didn't have to make separate projects to work concurrently when I chose which version to compile.

very valid to me :tup:

~!SlasheR!~

Sorry yaustar, I didn't make that very clear, sometimes #define is required but as a general rule it can be avoided.

JustChris meant using something like this:

Code:

---

#ifdef __PC__
//PC Specific code here
#endif

#ifdef __PSP__
//PSP Specific code here
#endif

#ifdef __OTHER__
//Other Specific code here
#endif

---

Then you can either define at the top #define __PC__ or compile with the __PC__ flag I believe in the makefile?

As for consts in C, can't you use const int blah = 0; or whatever as a global or does that only work in C++?

-Aura

OK, I've managed to overcome my n00b status :tup: And I got the error we were looking for:

Code:

---

libpng error: Too many IDAT's found

---

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Insert_Witty_Name

That's an array of pointers, the first entry being at array[0].

Just do array[0] = malloc(...);

---

So simple, I don't know how I didn't think of that :o . Thanks

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Auraomega

As for consts in C, can't you use const int blah = 0; or whatever as a global or does that only work in C++?

-Aura

---

You can but they don't work for switch statements in C whereas they do in C++.

Hi again,
I've tested other pictures and it seems it's that particular picture that has the problem. I'm not sure why. I created tthe first pic in Corel Photo Paint and the other in good ol' Paint. I think it's got to do with the image settings in Corel.

Yeah I suspected that'd be the problem, I've had it myself and when I first posted on this thread many many months ago someone had the same problem - its more common than you'd think.

@yaustar
Surely using a switch statement with a const is pointless though? Unless you mean for the case... in which case couldn't you use enum?

-Aura

Zitat:

---

Zitat von kostakis

I've tested other pictures and it seems it's that particular picture that has the problem.

---

Edit: Just had a look at the source code of libpng, and that looks OK (it should be as it is the reference code). Maybe your image isn't encoded properly.

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Auraomega

Unless you mean for the case...

---

Yes.

Zitat:

---

in which case couldn't you use enum?

---

Yes.

Now you got me stuck on a half decent use for #defines besides code generation and compilation switches.

Hey Yaustar, i have a very important question. It's very general.

I really want to program well for the psp and want to program in C. I looked at the links in your signature, and i liked many of them. I realized my Calypso game is actually Alpha, or incomplete, and i should not have released it too early. I also read why many teams fail, and i have a lot of experience with that. My question is, i want to be good at psp programming, but i don't know where to start. I know i should read books, but where do i start? There are many random things i know. And do i make a simple program while i learn many things in the C books? And psp programming has many different functions, and the libraries. It seems like a burden to know so much. I got a new laptop, and i always have trouble installing Cygwin. So what do i do?

Thanks,
SuperBatXS
-=Double Post Merge =-
I got cygwin installed properly. If you could help me with what i said above though. Thanks. :)

i am planning to make an app similar to the vsh menu. How can i make it so that the prx is able to pull config settings right from the config.se file on flash0 as well as write the new settings back so that if an option is changed in the recovery menu, it will also be changed in my prx.

char nickname[25];
sceUtilityGetSystemParamS tring(1, nickname, 25);

How would I set this up so that if the Nickname of the PSP system was not JoeDirt, the program wouldn't initiate.

Zitat:

---

Zitat von vodkkaa

i am planning to make an app similar to the vsh menu. How can i make it so that the prx is able to pull config settings right from the config.se file on flash0 as well as write the new settings back so that if an option is changed in the recovery menu, it will also be changed in my prx.

---

Download 4.01-M33 the SDK contains some stuff for doing that without messing around.

-Aura

Hi I have some questions regarding setting the psp to 333Mhz. I read that since FW 3.5 the psp is set to 333mhz by default. Is that true and does that mean you don't have to do this manually anymore? If not, all I have to do is this, right?

Code:

---

#include <psppower.h>

PSP_MODULE_INFO("My PSP program", 0, 1, 1);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        scePowerSetClockFrequency(333, 333, 166);

        // [...]
}

---

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Johnny McKinney

char nickname[25];
sceUtilityGetSystemParamS tring(1, nickname, 25);

How would I set this up so that if the Nickname of the PSP system was not JoeDirt, the program wouldn't initiate.

---

if(strcmp(nickname, "JoeDirt") == 0)program();
else sceKernelExitGame();

Lukeson, I'm not sure about the default clockspeed, I believe its always been 222MHz, the 333MHz thing was with some newer games that wouldn't run below that properly.

Either way though, your code should work, I have a habit of lowering the clock speed as much as possible to get the best battery life.

@yaustar:
The first thing I learned when I came on here is that #define's generally aren't a good thing, the only time I've seen them popularised is in header files for functions like PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERN EL or whatever, and for #ifdef in headers and normal source, I've also found them useful to wrap functions for testing, instead of changing the entire code using a single macro, not the prettiest or safest method, but for testing I'm not too bothered.

-Aura

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Xsjado7

if(strcmp(nickname, "JoeDirt") == 0)program();
else sceKernelExitGame();

---

It's a PRX, so I will that cause their game to end if they run it?

I'd have to say test it, it may skip to the end of the program (I.E. the prx) or it could infact reset to the VSH, thats something I've never tried, have a go and post the results ;)

-Aura


-----

What generally causes 0x8002013A and 0x8002013C ( SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_LIBRARY_ NOT_YET_LINKED and SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_LIBRARY_ NOTFOUND respectively)? 0x8002013C gets returned by modules as you load them, 0x8002013A gets returned by functions from other modules.

I can fix 0x8002013C by spamming a tun of libraries, so I assume theres a library missing at compile time, is there something specific needed to stop this (and I'm randomly stumbling across)?

Working on the fix for that, 0x8002013A should be fixed by adding another library, but which library and where? Does the original (loader) app need to have that library or is it the new (loadee)?

This is how i'm shooting bullets right now:

Spoiler for My Weapon Code:

Code:

---

/*******************
    Shooting
********************/
//Fresh Shot Ready
if (WeaponTimer < 1)
{
WeaponPosX = SpaceshipPosX + SpaceshipWidth;
WeaponPosY = SpaceshipPosY + 15;
weapondamage = 0;
}

//Fresh Shot Ready
if (FireTimer < 1)
{
WeaponPosX = SpaceshipPosX + SpaceshipWidth;
WeaponPosY = SpaceshipPosY + 15;
weapondamage = 0;
}

//Active Shoot
if (FireTimer > 1) {   
  if ( (FireTimer < 4) && (weaponstatus < 4) ) { WAV_Play(fire1); }
  else if ( (FireTimer < 4) && (weaponstatus > 3) ) { WAV_Play(flame); }
  if (WeaponTimer > 0) {
      if ( (weaponstatus > 0) && (weaponstatus < 4) ) {
      blitimage(WeaponOffsetX, WeaponOffsetY, WeaponWidth, WeaponHeight, Weapon, WeaponPosX, WeaponPosY);
      }
      else if ( (weaponstatus > 3) && (weaponstatus < 7) ) {
      blitimage(WeaponOffsetX, WeaponOffsetY, WeaponWidth, WeaponHeight, Weapon2, WeaponPosX, WeaponPosY);
      }
  weapondamage = weaponpower1;
  }
  FireTimer++;
  WeaponPosX += wspeed1;
}

//Refresh Shooting
if (FireTimer > WeaponDistance)
{
WeaponPosX = SpaceshipPosX + SpaceshipWidth;
WeaponPosY = SpaceshipPosY + 15;
weapondamage = 0;
FireTimer = 0;
WeaponTimer = 1;
}

---

My question is, and has been almost a year now, how do i make multiple bullets? I know about structs, and i can also make a lot of variables, but is there another way??

Thanks. :)

learn about arrays, and for loops, see xXChromesXx Savior thread on a quick example i whipped up

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Auraomega

I'd have to say test it, it may skip to the end of the program (I.E. the prx) or it could infact reset to the VSH, thats something I've never tried, have a go and post the results ;)

-Aura


-----

What generally causes 0x8002013A and 0x8002013C ( SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_LIBRARY_ NOT_YET_LINKED and SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_LIBRARY_ NOTFOUND respectively)? 0x8002013C gets returned by modules as you load them, 0x8002013A gets returned by functions from other modules.

I can fix 0x8002013C by spamming a tun of libraries, so I assume theres a library missing at compile time, is there something specific needed to stop this (and I'm randomly stumbling across)?

Working on the fix for that, 0x8002013A should be fixed by adding another library, but which library and where? Does the original (loader) app need to have that library or is it the new (loadee)?

---

It just exits the PRX. So we are all good. Works fine, thanks guys.

Forgive me my shamelles insistency, but would somebody help me with that problem i posted a few pages ago? Quoted for your convienience...

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Netaro

I would just say "thank you" and that would finish it, but then, there's more problems with the CLUT.

So, using the provided solution, which helped me, thanks, copied it into two functions, initClut and drawClut, which are in the "working" section of the attachment.
They work perfectly, as you can see when compiling it.

Then, i moved these two functions to the Class, map it's name, and now it doesn't work at all. The graphics are all scrawny, out of sync. i double checked, the functions are LITERALLY the same, and the makefile also contains the same flags.

And now i'm in the dark. Why, and what shall be done in order to repair it?

---

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Auraomega

What generally causes 0x8002013A and 0x8002013C ( SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_LIBRARY_ NOT_YET_LINKED and SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_LIBRARY_ NOTFOUND respectively)? 0x8002013C gets returned by modules as you load them, 0x8002013A gets returned by functions from other modules.

I can fix 0x8002013C by spamming a tun of libraries, so I assume theres a library missing at compile time, is there something specific needed to stop this (and I'm randomly stumbling across)?

Working on the fix for that, 0x8002013A should be fixed by adding another library, but which library and where? Does the original (loader) app need to have that library or is it the new (loadee)?

---

0x8002013C occurs when the your import stubs are being linked and one of your import function's module is not loaded. e.g Importing from Paf when paf isn't loaded (assuming there is no late binding).

0x8002013A IIRC means when you attempt to call a late-binding function that isn't loaded yet, so its not linked.

whats a good editor to use. i am currently using devcppp but everytime i open a source file, i get an error "Windows cannot find the file ........" after i hit OK i get a message from devcpp saying "There doesnt seem to be GNU makefile in PATH or in DevC++ bin path." after i hit ok to that i can finally get working on my code. its kind of annoying to have to go through both of these messages everytime i want to open up a main.c. so can anyone suggest a better editor or a way to fix my problems with devcpp.

and how do i program for the 3.xx kernel. is there a 3.xx sdk out that inlcudes samples or do i just have to put something in the makefile to allow it to compile as a 3.xx homebrew.

vodkkaa, I personally use Notepad++ on Windows, and Cygwin commandline to compile. I find IDE's cumbersome and prefer having total control instead of relying on a automatted makefile. Some people will recommend Code::Blocks and although I never got on with it, it might be more up your alley so to speak.

Compiling apps for the 3.XX kernel is pretty simple. Most functions run in both 1.50 and 3.XX, the main differences are kernel functions which require you to code another module to link to, you can't load a kernel application directly, and you can't run a kernel function in user. A good example is the 4.01-M33 sdk which has an example of the shell and rDriver kernel module.

Other differences are normally outlined in header files, such as loadExec calls have been changed, the old one doesn't run, and a slightly different function is needed (same arguments, just slight changes in what it can load).

In the makefile theres something like PSP_FW_VERSION (I can't remember for certain), change it to the firmware you're compiling for. You'll also need to build a prx which I believe is BUILD_PRX = 1. Finally, at the bottom the build.mak should be changed to build_prx.mak for external modules so you can get module_start running and recognised correctly.

I noticed your post earlier, just to refresh your memory on kernel modes, 0x0000 = user, 0x1000 = kernel, 0x0800 = update, you'll also see things like 0x1002 in kernel modules although I've never worked out why. I've also seen 0x0200 but I haven't the faintest what thats for.

-Aura

hey guys,

how would i go about reverse engineering my own plugin,
i now it sounds stupid but i have to start somewhere,
and i thought it would help if i had the source to start.?



~!SlasheR!~

is this all it will take to mount flash0 to usb in 3.xx kernel

Code:

---

void disableUsb(void)
{
        if(usbStatus)
        {
                sceUsbDeactivate(0);
                sceUsbStop(PSP_USBSTOR_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
                sceUsbStop(PSP_USBBUS_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
              pspUsbDeviceFinishDevice();               
                usbStatus = 0;
        }
}

void enableFlashUsb
{
        if (usbStatus)
        {
                disableUsb();
                sceKernelDelayThread(300000);
        }

        if(!usbModuleStatus)
        {
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/semawm.prx");
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/usbstor.prx");
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/usbstormgr.prx");
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/usbstorms.prx");
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/usbstorboot.prx");
               
                usbModuleStatus = 1;
        }
      pspUsbDeviceSetDevice(u32 PSP_USBDEVICE_FLASH0);
        sceUsbStart(PSP_USBBUS_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
        sceUsbStart(PSP_USBSTOR_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
        sceUsbstorBootSetCapacity(0x800000);
        sceUsbActivate(0x1c8);
        usbStatus = 1;
}

---

Zitat:

---

Zitat von vodkkaa

is this all it will take to mount flash0 to usb in 3.xx kernel

Code:

---

void disableUsb(void)
{
        if(usbStatus)
        {
                sceUsbDeactivate(0);
                sceUsbStop(PSP_USBSTOR_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
                sceUsbStop(PSP_USBBUS_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
              pspUsbDeviceFinishDevice();               
                usbStatus = 0;
        }
}

void enableFlashUsb
{
        if (usbStatus)
        {
                disableUsb();
                sceKernelDelayThread(300000);
        }

        if(!usbModuleStatus)
        {
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/semawm.prx");
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/usbstor.prx");
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/usbstormgr.prx");
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/usbstorms.prx");
                LoadStartModule("flash0:/kd/usbstorboot.prx");
               
                usbModuleStatus = 1;
        }
      pspUsbDeviceSetDevice(u32 PSP_USBDEVICE_FLASH0);
        sceUsbStart(PSP_USBBUS_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
        sceUsbStart(PSP_USBSTOR_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
        sceUsbstorBootSetCapacity(0x800000);
        sceUsbActivate(0x1c8);
        usbStatus = 1;
}

---

---

I'm pretty sure you have to reassign ms0 to flash or something rather.

nevermind. all is working now. stupid error i overlooked.

Here:

Code:

---

// To load USB flash0

void loadusbflash0()
{
    sceIoChdir("flash0:/kd");
    pspSdkLoadStartModule("semawm.prx", PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERNEL);
    pspSdkLoadStartModule("usbstor.prx", PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERNEL);
    pspSdkLoadStartModule("usbstormgr.prx", PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERNEL);
    pspSdkLoadStartModule("usbstorms.prx", PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERNEL);
    pspSdkLoadStartModule("usbstorboot.prx", PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERNEL);
    pspSdkLoadStartModule("usbdevice.prx", PSP_MEMORY_PARTITION_KERNEL); 
    pspUsbDeviceSetDevice(0, 0, NULL);
    sceUsbStart(PSP_USBBUS_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
    sceUsbStart(PSP_USBSTOR_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);       
    sceUsbActivate(0x1c8);
}

// To unload USB flash0

void unloadusbflash0()
{
    sceUsbDeactivate(0x1c8);
    sceUsbStop(PSP_USBSTOR_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);
    pspUsbDeviceFinishDevice();
    sceUsbStop(PSP_USBBUS_DRIVERNAME, 0, 0);     
}

---

Zitat:

---

Zitat von slasher2661996

how would i go about reverse engineering

---

Theres a tool called PRXTool available on ps2dev.org, its a commandline app that'll disassemble your PRX into asm, then its a "simple" case of turning your asm into c++.

-Aura

ok thx ive downloaded it,

whats the way to go if i want to learn 'basic' assembly?

and btw you said it turned it into asm then u turn into C++, but can i turn it into C?

~!SlasheR!~

Zitat:

---

Zitat von slasher2661996

ok thx ive downloaded it,

whats the way to go if i want to learn 'basic' assembly?

and btw you said it turned it into asm then u turn into C++, but can i turn it into C?

~!SlasheR!~

---

The idea of assembly is to be basic...
Yes...

Zitat:

---

Zitat von Davee

The idea of assembly is to be basic...
Yes...

---

lol, i mean any tuts.

and im not sure how to actually use prxtool i ran

Code:

---

prxtool --elfout myprx.prx

---

and it gave me

[SPOILER="weirdstuff"]
PRXTool v1.1 : (c) TyRaNiD 2k6
Built: Oct 24 2007 20:17:36
Loading prx.prx
Loaded PRX prx.prx successfully
size: 966, sectcount: 18, strsize: 194
ELF $ 4 0¢4 (
Ð hJ hJ 8N 8 *J pN
" ¤J tN / ¨J xN =
¬J |N < G èJ ¸N U ðJ ÀN @
k 0K O 8  hK 8O Ž
ˆK XO � – P èS 8 * PP T p
¦ Àb �f * Èb ^‹ ³ Èb ^‹ d
¸ Â .text .sceStub.text .lib.ent.top .lib.ent.btm
.lib.stub.top .lib.stub .lib.stub.btm .rodata.sceModuleInfo .rodata.sceResident .rodata.sceNid .roda
ta .eh_frame .data .sdata .sbss .bss .shstrtab <øÿ½' ¿¯í ˆK„$ ¿�! à à! à!
<ÐbbŒ <XP£Œƒ € !C < B4!( ¥$ d¬ýÿ¢ à øÿ½' < < ¿¯ °¯Øb`¬ž Ô[email protected]¬ @<%C
ÈbDŒ $ <ÌbC¬ ¿� ½' àÈbD¬ à\PD¬ <ÌbCŒ[email protected]€ !H* # `ÿ ç0 <ÐbCŒ <XP…Œƒ <!h
$€ [email protected]`!H ¢� ,[email protected]$D  )% *øÿ'%ÿÿ*k%òÿ* à èÿ½' ´¯ ¿¯ ²¯ ±¯ °¯ <TP‚ @
¿� ´� ³ ²� ±� ° à ½'À� !ˆ !€ <ÈbfŽ! !(@D Û $TP‚Ž 1&*"÷ÿ@ & ¿� ´� ³ ²� ±�
à ½'Øÿ½' ¶¯ µ¯ ¿¯ ·¯ ´¯ ³ ²¯ ±¯ °¯!¨* *!°€ !* !€ ¿� ·� ¶� µ� ´� ³ ²� ±� °�
à( ½'!* < <È <( âØb"ŽÔbeŽ <\PFŽÀ # ‚ À( D ÿ ç0Øb"Ž <TPdŒ B$ DØb"® ”&Þÿ´!€
!Ô G€ $éÿã
$ $ <Øb"ŽÔbeŽ\PFŽÀ # ‚ À( D $Øb"Žÿÿ& B$ôÿ Øb"®Æ ”&ÔbdŽPPâŽØb ® „$ ‚Ôbd®n ”&Æ
! n Ôb`®Æ ”&°¯¿¯ <ÌbC¬' °'¥¦§¯!0€ $!8€¨©¯ª¯«¯ `! ° à½'Q ¬¯!(@ – ! à½'
<TPFŒ <PPbŒ*0† À*¢ € <ØbD¬ ` * <Ôb à àÐbD¬ àØbbŒ àÔbbŒðÿ ¿¯ ±
¯ °¯ <ÌbCŒ ` <PP"Ž
½ ¿� ±� ° à ½'ðÿ½'!… ¿¯!€ €*ÿÿB$!(* <|„$ ¢¯‹ £ à ½'èÿ½' ²¯ ¿¯ ±¯ °¯ ¢Œ0
$!�€ C( B$ ` ¢¬ ‘Œ �Œ!( " ! ! @ è 0 [email protected] ! !( Z !8` LÆŒ <LçŒ! @ “ !(`
B® C®!` ¿� ³ ²� ±� ° à ½' ÿ½'ø ¾¯ü ¿¯ô ·¯ð ¶¯ì µ¯è ´¯ä ³¯à ²¯Ü ±¯Ø °¯ €!ðà Ä ¤¯Ä@È ¥¯
!ˆÀ œ *¯!˜ À *¯!* % $ CP 0‚!* 1& 0‚
$ È ¦� 1& "‚”C R&üÿ@T 1&!€ È ¦�Ä ¢�! € ø@ !(@À £�!r ¢ À £¯ 0‚– 1&¨ *¯¬ *¯°
*¯´ *¯¸ *¯¼ *¯àÿ& b, @€ <8Lc$!C D € ¼ ¤� 1& 0‚òÿ àÿ&¼ ¤�¨ ¢� * $Ä ¼ ¤¯
á!¨ @ !C 1&! 0‚ÐÿU$Ä ! ÷ÿ@À Z $. $!�À¼ -¨¢l $!ð@Ï ÿÿ$ˆ ±¯!( <`XBŒ
â./ @¼ ¤�€ <°Lc$!C D € $Ï´ ¢¯ $ϸ ¤¯ $ϼ £¯ $Ϭ ¤¯ $Ϩ ¢¯ $Ï° £¯ $
$
p % $ ££À £�!(@ È ¦�!b Ä ¢� <ôK„$À £¯ ø@ °£ $ˆ £�ÿÿc$ˆ £¯¼ ¤�< €!�à `È ¦�Ä ¢�! €
ø@ !(`À £�!s À £¯ $P Bœ ¤�¼ ¢� @ˆ ¤�#(³ *À £�4 ¢,!€* !e @À £¯Ä £� <pZ„$ ø` È ¦�ˆ ¤�
‚€Fÿ@ ‘$À ¢�ü ¿�ø ¾�ô ·�ð ¶�ì µ�è ´�ä ³�à ²�Ü ±�Ø ° à ½'Ä ¢�È ¦�Ìÿ& <pZ„$ ø@ 4 $4 .ø
ÿ@Ä ¢�äÿ !( SÄ £�#(³l *¨ ¢�L @TC( ¼ *¯À ¤�4 ¢,!€* ! … @À ¤¯¸ÿ*Ä £� <pZ„$ ø` È ¦�;
Ä ¢�È ¦�Ìÿ& <pZ„$ ø@ 4 $4 .øÿ@Ä ¢�‚!( ±ÿ€P¼ ¢�Ï H¼ ¢� Õ�H * Ò' 1& 0‚Z $. $Fÿ
-¨¢ 0‚* $› #&!ˆ` ²!° @ !C 1&! 0‚ÐÿV$Ä ! ÷ÿ@À < $!ð@-°Âl $4ÿVˆ ±¯ 0‚
@T€ ¤�#¥!8! !0* â�ÿÿÆ$*Å ‚*ÿÿç$úÿ`ÿÿ„$€ ¤ *+ !! 0 $ c$ D*ýÿe B$!* !˜*;
¼ *¯ $¼ £¯ 1& 0‚¡#¨ Â'øÿ$$C RŒ ^$ ²¯~À ³¯Z $-°Â! @!(`!0 Æ !8 Ë@¸ ¢�@´
¢�+ $€ £¯ $•â* Â*@!€ <LBŒ <LcŒ <LRŽ <LsŽ� ¢¯” £¯ $� ¤�” ¥�[email protected]“ !8`
&� ¢¯øÿ” £¯ $jâ ¦� ²� ³�! @!(`!0 !8 !€@v !ˆ`[email protected]! @ <(LÆŒ <,L猞 !(`ñA
$˜ *¯!* LÆŒ <LçŒ! @!(`!€@ž !ˆ`# @d ‚*! @ ”& <LRŽ <LsŽ! !( [email protected]“ !8`!€@ ! @
˜ ¢� LÆŒ <LçŒ B$!(` !ˆ` ž ˜ ¢¯ B!� ”&ÿÿ‚&d B(êÿ@! !� !˜ °¯ ±¯ < LÆŒ <$LçŒ! @!
(`!€@Æ !ˆ`³@d ‚* <0LÆŒ <4LçŒ! @!(`!€@Æ !ˆ`Ì@d ‚*!�€d B* @ $ <øK”&8 $
Â�À £� Þ'!˜ !¨ $8 C¬% $ $ ´' $8 ¢£ $Ø âˆ ¤� „$ˆ ¤¯ ƒ€1À ££ Â*¨@ ¨' $|
@% &�$ýÿà D*!˜À8!* É� Ç'!( ^ $° ¨' ¥$ ¡@ B$% ¥$ ¡c ¢(
À )%àÿÂ$_ B,ñÿ@ Â0 ¥$c ¢( ¡õÿ@%° À*ů @P!˜* !˜À!ðà ´'8
$ Ð� <üK”& Ñ'*' ! €� À!˜@ *› @!ð !˜À8œ °¯ ¢(ž @¤ £� Â' eŒøÿ$$C RŒ
S B$„ ²¯ ¢� £�%C @¤ ¤�¤ £ $ cŒvbÌ £¯* ²� ³�u` ²�¸ £�Ý`´ ¢�+ $* ¤¯¬ ¤� € $* £
�+ #¢,°Â $gâ| ´'¤ ¤�Ì ° žŒÃ� ! @!(`!0 à !8 ! C�ÿÿ”&! @!(` ƒ¢!0 N !8 !�@ %
C !˜` ²¯íÿ@ £¯¤ £� ¨'p $ bŒ#DDd c$#à @0 $! ÿÿ”& „$ýÿD ƒ¢* ¢� @° £�ÿÿ”& ‚¢° £
` d€ ‚‚ D#? „¢ c$ d€üÿ€Tÿÿ”&„ ¾�#8d S$±% $ BŽ 1& 0‚ A!°@ #° < $ ^&
¹-°Â 0‚ $ 1&ðˆ ±¯Ä ¢�È ¦� <ôK„$ ø@ $ÿÿ$À £¯À ¢�ü ¿�ø ¾�ô ·�ð ¶�ì µ�è ´�ä ³�à ²�Ü ±�Ø ° à
½' Ó Þ'!ð 8œ °¯!˜* !ðà ´'8
$÷ $u*¤ ¤�¤ ¢� EŒu*P Â� Ä� Þ'„ ¾¯Ã ¤¯á £¯˜ *¯ $ â ¦� §�� ¤�x ” ¥� LÆŒ <LçŒ
! @ !(` !�@ !˜` ¢¯ž £¯ @ $˜ £� <LÆŒ <LçŒ c$! @!(`“ ˜ £¯ ¢¯ £¯ $®â!�àŒ *¯
$VB *¯<À° ¢� $€ £�í `€ ¤� ¨'!€ ´'! €!(*` Ð ¨¯ ¢ & `Ð ¨�. $ ¢ & ÀÿÿÐ&!
@ÿÿ$& `˜ £�+ˆ @0 $ÿÿ#‚!b. $ b˜ £� €*ÿÿ„$˜ £�
` …$ ⤠£�¬ ¢�± @#˜¨ !¸@8!* ¤ £ bŒ C� ƒ*˜ ¢�…@# + $ ‚* †$˜ £�d b(ã @ëQ<˜ ¢�ff
<gfc4 C à Å$ ƒ #b À @ !D ˜ ¤�0 c$ Ã*#‚ 0 B$Þ Â* „Œæþ*Ì ¤ ²� ³�õ* *¯’ À!ˆÀ
<LBŒ <LcŒ <LRŽ <LsŽ!€ � ¢¯” £¯ $
€ ¤¯‡ @ ƒ&l!*` &e $ ’R!� < LÆŒ <$LçŒ! “ !( <(LÆŒ <,LçŒ!ˆ` !(` ! @ À !€@ ž
˜ £¯ëÿC ”&!� !˜ °¯4 ±¯!˜À8!* 5þ@ ’& LÆŒ <LçŒ! “ !( !€@ ! @ ˜ ¢� <0LÆŒ <4LçŒ
ÿÿB$!(` !ˆ` Æ ˜ ¢¯ C °¯ R&ÿÿB&d B(çÿ@ °¯x ±¯ $° ¤¯
$!8 ! @à !(`! @!(`d $!8 à !€@ ! @ * @t $õÿ‚$ B, @t $ $ý $ $
r $ÿz ´'t $h $z ´'z ¢£ÿ{ ££ §�� ¤�x ” ¥�!�@ !˜` ¢¯! £¯¼ £�¨ü`!* *u4ý@#(³w
#°Â °' ¨'± ¤£ <LBŒ <LcŒ� ¢¯” £¯!*` <(LÆŒ <,LçŒ! “ !( !ˆ` !(` ˜ £� < LÆŒ <$Lç
Œøÿc$! @ !€@ Æ ˜ £¯ A!� ”&ÿÿ‚&d B(çÿ@ !˜ °¯l ±¯ $8 ´' €<&d- $€ ¤¯ ²¯ £¯%þ
@P* *¯ $õ* £¯…B4 b à C #C ) € 0 B$ Â*!e ˜ ¢�€ !d #C Æ$ò˜ ¢¯Åþ@T $¬!˜
…Œ�þ*T Ä� Â�! Þ'„ ¢¯á £¯ €*ÿÿ„$+ˆ àþ@0 $ ƒ€úÿbP €*Ô. $˜ ¤�!ÄF B(§þ@ J À° ¢�
$€ £�l `€ ¤� ¨'!ˆ ˜ ¢�q @˜ £�!€ ´' s$! €!(*` Ð ¨¯ "¢ & 1&øÿpÐ ¨�˜ ¤�# � ˜ ¤¯ à˜
¢�. $ "¢ 1&˜ ¢� C$] ` ÀÿÿÐ& ´'! €!(*Ð ¨¯` ÿÿ& "¢ & 1&÷ÿ`Ð ¨� ¢Œ ¤� €ÿÿ#&¦
þà e$+h £þ@0 $ÿÿ$‚
‚P `*. $P ‚P `*Þ e$0 $úÿ‚. $ `*ÿÿc$+h ùÿ@P d€Þ e$·ÿ@T $!¸ ˜ ¤�° £�üÿ‚( c, @Œ £¯*
ÄLþ@T $#°Ä¦ $[À *¯ë° *¯¦ $# + # #d !�@ !˜` - $* ¢ ²¯õ £¯˜ ¢¯ †$- $î ‚* ±' ¨'
¤£s $t $z ´'z ¢£ÿ{ ££0 $ "¢ 1&£ÿÀ! !À0 $!(6 c$ †*ÿÿB$ ` „$ûÿ…T c$!ˆ€ &!°@ ÿ
ÿc$Þ e$n $d $z ´'z ¢£ÿ{ ££d $z ´'z ¢£ÿ{ ££ ÊŒ!8€ @ ÉŒ *ÿÿ£$+* @P ¡[email protected]` !(€ !8 £
�#I!‚ ã* ¥$ ç$øÿ¢%!Hà à ɬüÿ*ÿÿ¤$ â�ÿÿ„$ ƒ$ "¡ ç$úÿ` )% à ɬ <íLB$! ‚
à B0!(€ <Äb„ŒÔ !(€ <Äb„ŒÎ £$Øÿ½' b ²¯$ ¿¯ ¾¯ ·¯ ¶¯ µ¯ ´¯ ³¯ ±¯ °¯ @!�
€ $+% @! $ ¿� ¾� ·� ¶� µ� ´� ³ ²� ±� ° à( ½'ðÿ$$ˆb ñÿ ! +%îÿ@! ! @ø".
@B V ` b,Â0 À <°ZŒ%!(L °Œ6 °üÿ$ Ž$C # q ‚(0 @PÿÿÆ$! €! ‚Œ Ž B4 ‚ £¬
e¬ ! @ç & <°ZŒ%!, PŒ= P Žüÿ$ Ž$b ! Ž! @ B4 b Ŭ ¦ & Ž
°üÿ$ Ž$C # q ‚( @PÿÿÆ$÷ÿ‚ Ž! Ç$ <ÀZŽ
<¸ZJ%5
üÿ$ Ž$ C #0‘ Â(] @P! J*h J*! bŒ! @ B4 b¬ç & @‚ b,ß @PU b,[ f$À
? g$8 F$À ` b, À !0 ÅŒJÅP D$ ¢Œüÿ$$C +‚ @P ¦ ¥ŒúÿÅT ¢Œ ¦ ® Ь °¬ <°ZÞ'
ã à!à <´ZÆŒƒ $(C + Å H €$¦ @À @( üÿ$$â $Å ` [email protected]( $Å ýÿ@ ç$À !X‚!Hà !
` �Œ �T ? ")¤ �? ") Žüÿ$$C #@q )Ë @P Žöÿ Ž! !F $6 Å4 ® B* E J¬ J¬ f¬
! @ç & ‚,¬ÿ@B  <°ZÞ'ö @!(@ À ! „ <´Z †Œƒ( $£ %C ® ¯ �¬
€#Q b((* W!€@ +T @ ~ <¸ZsŽ bŽüÿ$$C + Q ¨ZBŒ W u$c$ ð$$¨b ! @
@!(q "6 c4 b®! @ £¬ Å b& ! @ç! <ÜbBŒ! ¢ <Üb$¬¼ �ÿ2 <¨ZcŒÿÿ$Æ b #
!(€[email protected] ÿÿ$¯ bP!* #p !‚ <ÜbBŒ c Я!‚ <Üb"¬R ~ ® Â.g @P dŽ <¸ZsŽ $ï
®' @PUb, n F$À & & )% )% "1Pÿ@T �Œ[email protected]`! à !` ‚0ø%“ @ÿÿ„$ bŒúÿøÿ[email protected]( +Å xÿ@
vÿ*$¦ 9ÿ@!8 @( $Å ýÿ@ )%!8 â$3 @PUb, w F$À E @P b,‚ 8 B$À Ž!!H $6
æ¬ ® B* B* J¬ J¬ h¬ ! @ç &#(C !€ <¸ZsŽ <Üb¥Œ cBŒ <ccŒ+ E ¤ +e c"¬`ÿ`P
bŽ <c%¬ bŽ. @T‚ ~ $ð$ðÿ$ôÿÂ&$C „0% D $ E,!b d C¬Ýÿ* e&Î ! @ <¸Z
@PU b,[ b$gÀ ½ E$ C(ƒ <´Z„Œƒ $C % ƒ <°ZB$ ® D¬ °¬ Ь| F$À Dÿ@!¶
<¸ZsŽ b® @PUb, n B$À ! <¨Z0 & @PUb, w B$À ' $ ¯ <´[email protected]( @T‚ ~
$gð$| B$gÀ øÿ½' ¿¯“
<ccŒ <c„Œ ¿� e$
C <c$¬ <c% à ½' <cBŒÿÿB$ <c"¬ @ à <c„Œ¬
øÿ½' °¯!€€ ¿¯ <(c ¬- ! * [email protected] ÿÿ$ b ¿� °�!` à ½' <(cBŒùÿ@ ® ¿� °�! à ½
@ ¿� <cBŒ+ @ ±� °�!* <c$ à ¿� ±� °�ÿÿ$! à ½' < B$ @ < BŒ€Š $
@ ¦ ! @ [email protected] !Q <c"¬ < c#¬ <c#¬5 < ccŒ5 < B$ @ U <*
U !ˆ@ <$cBŒ @! @ ¤ à ðÿ½ ²¯ ±¯ °¯!�€ ¿¯ !€* <¸ZBŒ! @ CŒüÿ$$ˆb #
<¸ZcŒ! @!q
<¸Z¥Œ[email protected] #E F4 B(Úÿ@! @ <¨ZBŒ#b <Üb"¬* ¦¬ðÿ½' ±¯ ¿¯!€* Q *!ˆ€
øÿ & %�þÿ$ <°Zk%$ ¢ !0$ ÃŒüÿ[email protected] <¸ZBŒg Â!`` ¢02 @ Ȭ!P !È bŒ B @
‚4Q @! ˆ ÅŒ E¬ ¢¬ ‚4!$ "* @ d¬ ‚,/ @ B d ` b, À !0 ÅŒm ÅP D$ ¢Œüÿ$$C +
‚ @P ¦ ¥ŒúÿÅT ¢Œ %* ɬ ©¬! ¿� ±� °� ½'øÿŽ <¸ZB$#H# '�K â! ƒ "�!P G¬é â ¿
� ±� à ½'D @!(@ À ! Œ <´ZB †Œƒ( $£ %C $ &* b ‰¬ ɬ! ¿� ±� °� ½ ÅŒ <¸ZB
$®ÿ¢T ÂŒ
$ © ©¬ %*ô %* ¢ @!0ˆ øÿŽ#H" $ #�!0 ƒ¬ d¬ <¬ZBŒ à i*+ ¸ÿ@ #* <c¥Œ‚ !
! @‚ b, @PU b,[ b$
À é
$8 B$
À ,
E$ C(ƒ <´ZcŒƒ $ D %d & %* c* ©¬
ɬ @PUb, n B$
À @PUb, w B$
À @T‚ ~ $
ð$| B$
À $ p& p à
& p à ðÿ½'
±¯ ¿¯ ¢Œ!ˆ* !€€ @!(@ Ä
! !( ¿� ±� °�Î ½' <ÄbBŒèÿ½' ±¯ ¿¯ ³ ²¯ °¯) D!ˆ€ L ƒŒ `PH%Ž!� < $!r E
*P R& °ŒÎ ! üÿ !( L #Ž R&õÿS!r !(` Î ! H%Ž
*PT %ŽL2& ²PT %Ž °ŒÎ ! üÿP!( T %Ž *P8 "ŽÎ ! 8 " @T< "Ž ¿� ²� ±� à ½' ø@ !
à%Žõÿ* ¿�! ²� ±� °�Ä
½'èÿ½' ´¯ ¿¯ ²¯ ±¯ °¯' €!*€ H“Ž `R< *Ž rŽÿÿB&
@€ B$!€b!ˆ Ž 1& ø@ üÿ&üÿQV Ž sŽòÿ`V rŽ< *Ž ! € ¿� ´� ³ ²� ±� ° ½'
¿� ´� ²� ±� ° à ½' <Äb”Ž%H“Ž[email protected]à !X* !PÀ D à!p€ +¦ ` @ÿÿ4° À $ÿÿ4+J ¥ @ÿ < B-
€@ $!( ! <Nc$J !C D� $! ¤ #Hd UP*#(jD
ÿÿL1 $ ¨ Í $ 0 % D †H +‰ ¨ Í ñ `T! Š !8À #‰ h Í ÿÿÅ1H
%E ‰0 + F h Í Õ €[email protected] % à!`+§ f @! ÿÿ4+G [ @ÿ < â,# $!
( ! <Nc$H !C D� $! ¤ #8d m àT#g + @ $+ÊM @T! à! +F Z @ÿ < Â,
@ $!( ! <J Nc$!C D� $! ¤ # D €4
#D N ‹ %Xb pŽ PŠ 4
À fÍ ÿÿG1$ @ % D è ( +… À fÍ ~ `T! Š !X #… À f Í ÿÿÅ1H
%E é 8 + G À f Í b €[email protected] %! à ÿÿB4+G ¼ @T $ $¢ à! ÿÿB4+J
Ð @T $ $a $ À F Í ÿÿ4P +J òÿ@Tÿ <] B-ÿÿB4+F ² @T $ $½ $ è j %`‚ (k D
¨ Í ÿÿ�1ë n %XC 4 pî h $ %† íH +i ¨ Í ‡ @8ê !P*#i
h Í ÿÿe1H %(E é0 + ¦ h Í j €T!(¬ [email protected]
%@#¦ H +i _ @ÿÿ%Y iP ! à! +j žÿ@ÿÿ(%+g þÿ"%@C % à! +Š ‚ÿ@ÿÿ%+… €ÿ
ÿ@#‰ þÿÇ$€! Š #i (k D(%+f þÿ"%@C % à!`+Š ÿ@ÿÿÇ$+‰
p.8 $ %† ‡H +i ¨ Í F @T!j !Xà #i h Í ÿÿ¥1H %(E ‰0
+ ¦ h Í ' €T!(ª ! #(¦ o%Xb +çÿ@P! ÿÿ à! +¬ –ÿ@ÿÿ(%+¦ ”ÿ@
!(¬ Fþÿ(%¢ $!l +l xÿ@ÿÿª%+i vÿ@P#i þÿª%3!l $½ $½ $+ª Ùÿ@ÿÿ#%+¦ ×ÿ@ þÿ#%!(ª #(¦
o%Xb a $+j ºÿ@ÿÿë$+i ¸ÿ@P#i þÿë$‘!j $øÿ½'!HÀ ±¯ °¯[email protected]à !P€ U à!0* +© } @ÿÿ4Ê $
ÿÿ4+I ¿ @ÿ < "-� $!( ! <Nc$I !C D� $! ¤ # d Ö €TH‰ #(É D ÿÿ+1!p ¨ Í
$
% D c0 +† ¨ Í `#† ! ‰ +‰ @#† +† !‰ C #† h Í ÿ
ÿE1 %(E dP + ª h Í €#ª !(© +© @#ª !© +ª (b #ª `Â!h ±�
°�!€! à ½'+§ @ÿÿ4 ±� °�!`€ !h* !€! à ½'+G w @ÿ < â,@ $!( ! <H Nc$
!C D� $! ¤ #XD ° `#ÀK +s @# I+Iq @+D!`@!hÀ ±� °�!€!* ½'+I ^ @ÿ < "-ñ $
!( ! <I Nc$!C D� $! ¤ # D É €#D !p < à Ç Í ÿÿ(1$
% D ( +… à Ç Í `#… ! ‰ +‰ @#… +… !‰ C #… à g Í ÿ
!hÀ #d (f D ¨ Í ÿÿ+1!p€ Æj %xC 4 8 $ % † g8 +‡ ¨ Í @PÊ
! ‰ +‰ Ž @+‡ #‡ h Í ÿÿå1 %(E d0 + ¦ h Í ÿ€P#(¦ !(© +© u @+¦
#(¦ h %8b (D ¨ Í ÿÿð0f
%Èb 4 xip $ %† H +i ¨ Í G @ˆj!PÀ#i h Í ÿÿ%3H %(E
0 + ¦ h Í , €T!(§ !
$+§ Ôÿ@ÿÿ#%+¦ Òÿ@ @@ #(+"#ƒ b ±� °�%`‚ hc!€! à ½'O
C Çÿ@#N! ‡Œ!`€ !h* â,^ @!xÀ £Œ b,\ @T!`* $[ â W bP!`* $� b R âP!` ®Œ
ˆŒ ‰Œ#À. ! # @ B( ªŒR @ «Œ*Ù£ @P!ÈÀ!P !X …� ¢�“ ¢!
‹ *#
#H+ B#i#d [email protected] !8` š à# ù* æ* ç* à* ê� ë�ÿ<ÿÿD%+Š ÿÿe%ÿÿF4!(e +Å @ÿ<… ¦ÿÿ‚ æ
�Â'
@ @
%ƒ !X` ÿÿD$+‚ [email protected] ÿÿe%ÿ<!(e ÿÿG4ÿÿÆ$+å ÿÿƒ, ê* ë* @ æ*íÿ§Â'
ìÿ`@ ÿ<ÿÿB4 $+K 0 @ ã*!` à! à!€ûÿg £Œ ‚Œ÷ÿC < NL à!€*Ù @*.!8
À7 B
D1!( %Â B ç$%P‚ ÷ÿ%X£ !pÇ*.¤ÿ@P …�#pÙ!8 À7 1!( %Â B ç$%@‚ ÷ÿÇ
%H£ ª!È è�À' B
F1!8 %‚ B !`à%  %(ã %!€ ä* è*Áÿâ ƒŒ …� †� „Œ â* ç ã* ä* å* æ* ‚� £�
!`à$C â à!€+ #+#d [email protected] ¶!8` !++ H !ƒ [email protected] !X` ù* â*á ã*[email protected] ª!H ”ÿ@ÿ æ�+( #
#e $ ä ù* â*¼ ã*˜ÿ½'\ ±¯ ±'X °¯ ¤¯( °' ¥¯! *!( ` ¿¯ §¯ ¦ ¤' !( , ¢�! !( @ ¦'
B8… , ¢¯V ! @ ` ¿�\ ±�X àh ½'˜ÿ½'\ ±¯ ±'X °¯ ¤¯( °' ¥¯! *!( ` ¿¯ §¯ ¦ ¤' !( ! !
( … @ ¦'V ! @ ` ¿�\ ±�X àh ½'˜ÿ½'X °¯ °'\ ±¯ ¤¯ ¥¯! *!( ( ±'` ¦¯ § ¤' !( £�
b,œ @( ¤� ‚,Š @ $• bP $„ ‚ $” bP ¢�‚ ‚8 ¢�$ §� ¦�[email protected]@ < £�!PÀ !à 0 8 Cp !À
Æ+`x !Èç!`* b +0�!È€€ ˆ
@ � ÀH Œ �+!` !h ! ! +0ˆ !(8!(Å +© !P€ { @!X* w ©+ˆ !! ‚+0P !( 0 ¢� §�!%
!à !(£!8â £�, ¢�+0Œ !(Å &b ÿ<[email protected]€ ÿÿD4 ç$+ +… !H* D £¯ @H §¯!h€ €<À B % D B(
1!H* [email protected]€ +`¥À7 @ ç$B
% Ä B( !P€ %XÅðÿ€À H §¯ÿ<ÿÿB4+I `ÿ 1H ¬�[email protected]  Â
@ @8 %ƒ %8G @0
[email protected]@ !H` D4X `ÿÿŒ%+©!PÀ ðÿ@!Xà H ¬¯ÿ 1€ $9 ‚!( $P ¨¯T ©¯@ ¢¯@ ¤'V ` ¿�\ ±�X ° àh
‚ < ¢�, £�! &C + V ¢¯` ¿�\ ±�X ° àh ½'9 ND$Šÿ@! ‚%+ L !� !`@ Ú!h` uÿ@P!` !`
$Èÿ* $ 1! %C Ãÿ@ $%KÀÿ@ $€ %+(H ÿ$!(© [email protected] !H* [email protected] ¤'P ¨¯T ©¯*@ ¢¯[email protected]€ !H` °ÿ½'
D ±¯ ±'@ °¯ ¤¯ ¥¯! *!( ( °'H ¿ ¦¯ § ¤' !( ¢� B, @ÿÿ$H ¿�D ±�@ °�! àP ½'( ¢�!
B,öÿ@!( Q H ¿�D ±�@ °�[email protected] !` àP ½'°ÿ½'D ±¯ ±'@ °¯ ¤¯ ¥¯! *!( ( °'H ¿ ¦¯ § ¤'
!( ¢� B, @ÿÿ$H ¿�D ±�@ °�!` àP ½'( ¢�! B,öÿ@!( Q H ¿�D ±�@ °�[email protected] ! àP ½'°ÿ½'
D ±¯ ±'@ °¯ ¤¯ ¥¯! *!( ( °'H ¿ ¦¯ § ¤' !( ¢� B, @ $( ¢�! B, @!( Q
[email protected] H ¿�D ±�@ °�! àP ½'àÿ½' $ ¿¯ € £¯ $ ¢¯V ! * ¿ à ½'< $ ` ¥¯ €<! ‚
# à ¢¯ £¯ §�ÿ<ÿÿB4+G íÿ@ ¥�Â' @ %ƒ ÿ<ÿÿ„[email protected] ÿÿ¥$+ ƒ [email protected] !8` ¢¯ £¯óÿ€ ¥¯V !
*ô ¿�à ¤¯ÿ £¯ <üMCŒ ¿�øM à ½'Øÿ½' ¤¯ ¥¯! * ¿¯ ¥ £� $ b b,
@ $ b ¤� ¢� @ÿ<ÿÿB4 ¿ à( ½' ¿�! à( ½'ûÿ€ ‚(óÿ@P ¢� £�< $#(¤ ¢�@0 ' 0†
¤�¢ §0% £ èÿ€g ¿�# à( ½' ¿� € à( ½' ƒŒ!h ŠŒ b, ‹Œ6 @ �Œ $r b!8 $)
b! %K& @! ‡Œüâ(8 @ â(ü$#pG 9 Ã)k ` $!P !X ! !( € $R ‚ B%+ J !‹ [email protected] !X`
2
%0F <: ÿÿB4$(â ÿ<ÿÿc4!8* +k ˜í|õM|Äÿí}! à!*˜í|õM|!0 Äÿí}!À à!* <ÿÿB4 <%8bÿ
ÿ„4$ä !8` ÿ$˜í|õM|ÿÿ$Äÿí}! à!*. @ÿ D1€ $!( V ‚ÿè$ B%+ J !‹ [email protected] !X` ÿ<ÿÿB4+K @
<À' B
%‚ B [email protected] !X` è$ <: ÿÿ„4$ä !8` 2
%0F ˜í|ÿÿ1õM|Äÿí}! à!*®ÿ* B1! %C ®ÿ@P v€ B%!8 ÿ$˜í|õM|!0 Äÿí}!À à!* Ç1
Ä! G ÿÿD$+0‚ ÿÿe$!(Å @ ' $ D$(eC @ÊHË%@h % … @'!À !È €H %P%X9ÿ D1s
!( $!È %P%X9ÿ D1s!( «ÿ* B% B1! %C «ÿ@Pÿ<¨€ B% †Œ <ÿÿB4 UÇ| ˆŒ!P* £¬ à$
€ C*[email protected]* ü$Â @( %(E @ +!0€ !8* øÿ@ÿÿc C* F à G*ÿ$ â * %(E <üç$ %¦
$ D* à à ¢¬% @ < à ¢¬! $$%C @P $ *¬ H à I* ¢¬ à I* ƒŒ
ÃP £Œ ‚Œúÿ@ àÿÿ$  âŒúÿ@ à $ à#b ¥Œ*¦ èÿ@*Å @ …Œ æŒ çŒ+å àÿ@
„Œ å+Ä +§ @ §P+ à! ýÿ@ Üÿ` à $óÿ@+§ f à à à à à
à à 4K @ hK hJ DK @ pK xJ TK @ tK €J prx
dissasembler °â ¤J ¤J ¬J èJ sceDisplay sceGe_user SysMemUs
erForUser wñ þ‚�(ä@~äñ‘¢O½}#Ö¶¡[š� Hello from prx 0123456789 01234567 0 0123456789abc
def x0 0123456789ABCDEF X0 e E 01 b0 % NaN (null) [email protected] à?š*****¹?:Œ0âŽ
yE> „×—A ð? 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 P
4 4 „ P block ((((( ˆ
AAAAAABBBBBB
C
àÁ


| 8- H $ €3
” L�‘" D ÿÿÿÿ <B¥�¥*B<<~ÛÿÿÛf<lþþþ|8 8|þ|8 8TþT8 8|þþ8 00 ÿÿÿççÿÿÿ8D‚
‚‚D8 Ç»}}}»Çÿyˆˆˆp8DDD8|0($$( àÀ<$<$$äÜT8î8T |ÿ ÿðÿ
ÿ ð ð �B$$B� @€€@ ÿ PPP
PPøPøPP x*p(ð ÀÈ @˜ @*@¨�˜` @ @@@ @ @ ¨p p¨ ø @ x `` @
€ pˆ˜¨Èˆp `* ø p`€ø pˆp 0P�ø ø€àà [email protected]€ðˆˆp øˆ pˆˆpˆˆp pˆˆ` @0`À`0 ø
ø À`00`À p h¨¨p Pˆˆøˆˆ ðHHpHHð 0H€€€H0 àPHHHPà ø€€ð€€ø ø€€ð€€€ pˆ€¸ˆˆp ˆˆˆøˆˆˆ p p 8�
�` ˆ�*À*�ˆ €€€€€€ø ˆØ¨¨ˆˆˆ ˆÈȨ˜˜ˆ pˆˆˆˆˆp ðˆˆð€€€ pˆˆˆ¨�h ðˆˆð*�ˆ pˆ€ˆp ø ˆˆˆˆˆˆp ˆˆˆˆPP ˆˆˆ
¨¨Øˆ ˆˆP Pˆˆ ˆˆˆp @€ø [email protected]@@@@p €@ pp Pˆ ø @ xˆx €€°ÈˆÈ° pˆ€ˆh˜ˆ˜h
pˆø€p ( ø h˜˜p€€ðˆˆˆˆ ` p 0�`@@HP`PH ` p Ш¨¨¨ °Èˆˆˆ pˆˆˆp °ÈÈ°€€ h˜ °È
€€€ x€ð @@ð@@H0 ����h ˆˆˆP ˆ¨¨¨P ˆP Pˆ ˆˆ˜p ø @ø @ À À @¨ P
ø pˆ€€ˆp `� ���h pˆø€p Pxˆx H xˆx xˆx xˆx p€€€p` Ppˆø€p P pˆø€p pˆø€p P ` p P ` p @
` p P Pˆøˆ Pˆøˆ ø€ð€ø l~�n >P�œð�ž `� `��` � `��` @ `��` @* ***P @ ***P � ��°PàP pˆˆ
ˆp P ˆˆˆˆp x€€x $ ø â\ ˆP ø ø À**ÈœˆˆŒ ø @ xˆx ` p @ `��` @ ���h P* *Ð�� (P Ȩ˜ˆ xˆ
x ø `���` ð @€ˆp ø€€ „ˆ�¨„ˆ�¨X¨ $H�H$ �H$H� (P Pˆøˆ (Pxˆx (P p p (P p (P pˆˆ
p P* `��` (P ˆˆˆp P* ***P üHHHP P PPP ÀDÈTìTž¨@ PˆP ˆ @€( |¨¨h((( [email protected] ÿÿðððð
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ << ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀððððüüüüüüüü????? ???"Dˆ"DˆˆD"ˆD"þ|8
8|þ€ÀàðàÀ€ ÿ~<<~ÿ�ÃçÿÿçÃ�ðððð ðððð33ÌÌ33ÌÌ PPˆø p p Pˆ¨P
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿððððððððÿÿÿÿ h���h 0HHpHHpÀøˆ€€€€€ øPPPPP˜ øˆ@ @ˆø x���` PPPPh€€ P*
ø p¨¨p ø PˆøˆP pˆˆˆPPØ [email protected]@ PPP P¨¨p¨¨¨p€ [email protected]€ø€@8 pˆˆˆˆˆˆ ø ø ø ø ø À0À ø `€` ø (
*@ ø P* P* $$ 0xx0 0 > *` *PPP @* @à 888888 d
˜K s S
z c o ¤K °K u
˜K x ´K ÈK X ÌK àK r
˜K f e äK E èK g ä
K G èK i
˜K n S
% b ìK ðK p ÌK ÈK '
ÿÿÿÿ °Z °Z ¸Z ¸Z ÀZ ÀZ ÈZ È
Z ÐZ ÐZ ØZ ØZ àZ àZ èZ èZ ðZ ðZ øZ øZ [ [[[ [ [ [ [ [ [ ([ ([ 0[ 0[
8[ 8[ @[ @[ H[ H[ P[ P[ X[ X[ `[ `[ h[ h[ p[ p[ x[ x[ €[ €[ ˆ[ ˆ[ �[ �[ ˜[
˜[ *[ *[ ¨[ ¨[ °[ °[ ¸[ ¸[ À[ À[ È[ È[ Ð[ Ð[ Ø[ Ø[ à[ à[ è[ è[ ð[ ð[ ø[ ø[
\ \\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ (\ (\ 0\ 0\ 8\ 8\ @\ @\ H\ H\ P\ P\ X\ X\ `\ `\ h
\ h\ p\ p\ x\ x\ €\ €\ ˆ\ ˆ\ �\ �\ ˜\ ˜\ *\ *\ ¨\ ¨\ °\ °\ ¸\ ¸\ À\ À\ È\ È
\ Ð\ Ð\ Ø\ Ø\ à\ à\ è\ è\ ð\ ð\ ø\ ø\ ] ] ]] ] ] ] ] ] ] (] (] 0] 0]
8] 8] @] @] H] H] P] P] X] X] `] `] h] h] p] p] x] x] €] €] ˆ] ˆ] �] �] ˜]
˜] *] *] ¨] ¨] °] °] ¸] ¸] À] À] È] È] Ð] Ð] Ø] Ø] à] à] è] è] ð] ð] ø] ø]
^ ^^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ (^ (^ 0^ 0^ 8^ 8^ @^ @^ H^ H^ P^ P^ X^ X^ `^ `^
h^ h^ p^ p^ x^ x^ €^ €^ ˆ^ ˆ^ �^ �^ ˜^ ˜^ *^ *^ ¨^ ¨^ íL ¬ab db
ðM
3Í«4mæìÞ








À^ À^
gC´×> ´×> ´×> ´×>
4 ´×> 8 ´×> < ´×> @
´×> x ´×> | ´×> ˆ ´×>
Œ ´×> � ´×> œ ´×> * ´×
> ° ´×> ´ ´×> ¸ ´×> ¼
´×> È ´×> Ð ´×> Ô ´×>
Ø ´×> à ´×> ä ´×> ø
´×> ´×> ´×> ´×>
´×> ´×> ( ´×> ,
´×> 0 ´×> 4 ´×> < ´×>
H ´×> L ´×> \ ´×> Ô ´×
> Ø ´×> ´×> ´×>
´×> $ ´×> Ä ´×> È ´×>
Ì ´×> Ð ´×> Ø ´×> Ü
´×> à ´×> ä ´×> ô ´×>
ü ´×> ´×> ´×>
´×> 8 ´×> < ´×> @ ´×>
D ´×> T ´×> \ ´×> l ´×
> p ´×> x ´×> | ´×> €
´×> Œ ´×> � ´×> ˜ ´×>
¤ ´×> ¨ ´×> ¬ ´×> À
´×> Ä ´×> ´×> ´×>
4 ´×> 8 ´×> < ´×> @
´×> T ´×> X ´×> h ´×>
l ´×> x ´×> € ´×> „ ´×
> Œ ´×> � ´×> ˜ ´×> ¬
´×> ° ´×> ¸ ´×> ¼ ´×>
È ´×> Ð ´×> Ô ´×> ä
´×> ð ´×> ø ´×> ´×>
´×> ´×> ( ´×> `
´×> d ´×> l ´×> À ´×>
Ì ´×> à ´×> è ´×> ì ´×
> ð ´×> ô ´×> ü ´×>
´×> ´×> d ´×> „ ´×>
À ´×> Ä ´×> Ô ´×> Ø ´×
> ´×> ´×> ´×> ´×>
´×> ´×> ´×> ´×
> ´×> ´×> ´×> ´×
> L ´×> P ´×> ¬ ´×>
° ´×> Ð ´×>
´×>
´×>
´×> 4
´×> 8
´×> P
´×> `
´×> h
´×> ¨
´×> È
´×> ´×> ´×> ´×>
´×> � ´×> ¨ ´×> è
´×> ´×> $ ´×> ( ´×>
, ´×> 0 ´×> 4 ´×> 8
´×> < ´×> X ´×> ˜ ´×>
¨ ´×> ¬ ´×> ° ´×> ´ ´×
> ¸ ´×> Ð ´×> Ô ´×> Ø
´×> ´×> , ´×> | ´×>
” ´×> ´×> ´×>
´×> ( ´×> H ´×> ´×>
< ´×> Ø ´×> ü ´×>
´×> , ´×> @ ´×> P ´×>
T ´×> * ´×> ¬ ´×> À ´×
> È ´×> ü ´×> ´×> $
´×> ( ´×> , ´×> 0 ´×>
H ´×> \ ´×> ` ´×> d
´×> h ´×> x ´×> Ð ´×>
´×> ˆ ´×> ´×> ( ´
×> 8 ´×> < ´×> @ ´×> D
´×> H ´×> L ´×> P ´×>
T ´×> ` ´×> p ´×> €
´×> ˆ ´×> ˜ ´×> œ ´×>
* ´×> ¤ ´×> ¬ ´×> ´
´×> ¸ ´×> ¼ ´×> À ´×>
Ø ´×> ô ´×> ´×> ´
×> ´×> ´×> ´×> $
´×> 8 ´×> < ´×> @ ´×>
D ´×> T ´×> | ´×> Œ
´×> * ´×> ¸ ´×> ´×>
´×> ( ´×> < ´×> \
´×> d ´×> t ´×> | ´×>
€ ´×> „ ´×> ˆ ´×> � ´
×> œ ´×> * ´×> ¤ ´×> ¨
´×> ° ´×> Ä ´×> È ´×>
Ì ´×> Ð ´×> à ´×>
´×> ´×> 4 ´×> H ´×>
� ´×> * ´×> È ´×> ð
´×> L ´×> ° ´×> ´×>
0 ´×> @ ´×> p ´×> x ´×>
€ ´×> ˆ ´×> ´ ´×> È
´×> Ø ´×> ð ´×> ´×>
< ´×> H ´×> ` ´×> t
´×> ´×> ´×> , ´×>
0 ´×> 4 ´×> Done
[/SPOLER]

:down:

help me plz :tup:

~!SlasheR!~

You won't find a tutorial for reversing. It's usually something you kinda pick up. You need quite a strong programming knowledge as it simply is just pure logic operations.