C/C++ Programming Help Thread

[Twin891]

ah ok srry i can't help

[Grimfate126]

ah ok srry i can't help

its k. ill figure some other way

[Insert_Witty_Name]

As Twin891 already mentioned, the saveImage() functions from graphics.c is a good start.

I use this function to save as a PNG.

void IMG_Screenshot(const char* filename)
{
	u32* data = (u32*)0x04000000;
        png_structp png_ptr;
	png_infop info_ptr;
	FILE* fp;
	int i, x, y;
	u8* line;
	
	if ((fp = fopen(filename, "wb")) == NULL) return;
	png_ptr = png_create_write_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	if (!png_ptr) return;
	info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);
	if (!info_ptr) {
		png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, (png_infopp)NULL);
		return;
	}
	png_init_io(png_ptr, fp);
	png_set_IHDR(png_ptr, info_ptr, 480, 272, 8,
		PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB,
		PNG_INTERLACE_NONE, PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT, PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);
	png_write_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);
	line = (u8*) malloc(480 * 3);
	for (y = 0; y < 272; y++) {
		for (i = 0, x = 0; x < 480; x++) {
			u32 color = data[x + y * 512];
			u8 r = color & 0xff;
			u8 g = (color >> 8) & 0xff;
			u8 b = (color >> 16) & 0xff;
			line[i++] = r;
			line[i++] = g;
			line[i++] = b;
		}
		png_write_row(png_ptr, line);
	}
	free(line);
	png_write_end(png_ptr, info_ptr);
	png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, (png_infopp)NULL);
	fclose(fp);
}

[Grimfate126]

As Twin891 already mentioned, the saveImage() functions from graphics.c is a good start.

I use this function to save as a PNG.

void IMG_Screenshot(const char* filename)
{
	u32* data = (u32*)0x04000000;
        png_structp png_ptr;
	png_infop info_ptr;
	FILE* fp;
	int i, x, y;
	u8* line;
	
	if ((fp = fopen(filename, "wb")) == NULL) return;
	png_ptr = png_create_write_struct(PNG
_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	if (!png_ptr) return;
	info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);
	if (!info_ptr) {
		png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, (png_infopp)NULL);
		return;
	}
	png_init_io(png_ptr, fp);
	png_set_IHDR(png_ptr, info_ptr, 480, 272, 8,
		PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB,
		PNG_INTERLACE_NONE, PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT, PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);
	png_write_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);
	line = (u8*) malloc(480 * 3);
	for (y = 0; y < 272; y++) {
		for (i = 0, x = 0; x < 480; x++) {
			u32 color = data[x + y * 512];
			u8 r = color & 0xff;
			u8 g = (color >> 8) & 0xff;
			u8 b = (color >> 16) & 0xff;
			line[i++] = r;
			line[i++] = g;
			line[i++] = b;
		}
		png_write_row(png_ptr, line);
	}
	free(line);
	png_write_end(png_ptr, info_ptr);
	png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, (png_infopp)NULL);
	fclose(fp);
}

well, i tried this:

void Controls() {
//read pad//
	if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_SELECT) {
		saveImage("test1.png", getVramDisplayBuffer(), 480, 272, 480, 1);
	}
}

but when i try to compile it, it gives an error:

undefined reference to 'getVramDisplayBuffer()'
undefined reference to saveImage(const char*, unsigned int*, int, int, int, int);

how can i solve that?

[Insert_Witty_Name]

If you are using the graphics.c then you will need to #include graphics.h in your code, as well as add graphics.o and framebuffer.o to the OBJS in your makefile.

[hallo007]

where can i find a keyboard in c/c++ exemple

because i can find them only in lua:Argh:

[Grimfate126]

If you are using the graphics.c then you will need to #include graphics.h in your code, as well as add graphics.o and framebuffer.o to the OBJS in your makefile.

i did that, and it still gives the same errors. help

[Cheater]

I am trying to execute another eboot from within my eboot. I read about sceKernelLoadExec, but that didn't work. I read somewhere that the eboot needed to be kxploited. When I enter 'make', it gives me a single eboot.pbp. I assume this is not kxploited and is meant for 1.0 (which works fine with custom firmware). 'Make Kxploit' causes it not to show up in the list. If I execute it from irshell, it won't load.

Currently, here is my test source code:

#include <pspkernel.h>
#include <pspdebug.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pspdisplay.h>
#include <pspctrl.h>
#include <psploadexec.h>

//I know I have a lot of #include, but I'm leaving them for later

PSP_MODULE_INFO("Ebooy", 0x1000, 0, 1);
#define printf pspDebugScreenPrintf /* Exit callback */
int exit_callback(int arg1, int arg2, void *common) {
          sceKernelExitGame();
          return 0;
}

/* Callback thread */
int CallbackThread(SceSize args, void *argp) {
          int cbid;

          cbid = sceKernelCreateCallback("Exit Callback", exit_callback, NULL);
          sceKernelRegisterExitCallback(cbid);

          sceKernelSleepThreadCB();

          return 0;
}

/* Sets up the callback thread and returns its thread id */
int SetupCallbacks(void) {
          int thid = 0;

          thid = sceKernelCreateThread("update_thread", CallbackThread, 0x11, 0xFA0, 0, 0);
          if(thid >= 0) {
                    sceKernelStartThread(thid, 0, 0);
          }

          return thid;
}

int main (void) {
	pspDebugScreenInit();
	SetupCallbacks();
	printf("Loading Eboot...\n");
	sceKernelLoadExec("ms0:/PSP/GAME/hello/EBOOT.PBP", NULL);
	printf("Eboot loaded\n");
	return 0;
}

It is meant to execute the hello world app in the hello folder. This app isn't kxploited. When I run it, it gets past the printf statement, and then crashse (sends me back to the xmb).

Please don't tell me to search. I've read every thread in this forum (as well as stuff found on google and ps2dev.org) that has anything to do with it. I think my problem has something to do with the hello world eboot (even though it runs fine by itself).

Thanks in advance.

[Moonchild]

A kxploited eboot is basically an eboot without the param.sfo. I believe the sceKernelLoadExec file needs to be kxploited, or possibly in elf format I haven't really used it that much, so I'm not 100% sure.

[PSP-Maniac]

I am trying to execute another eboot from within my eboot. I read about sceKernelLoadExec, but that didn't work. I read somewhere that the eboot needed to be kxploited. When I enter 'make', it gives me a single eboot.pbp. I assume this is not kxploited and is meant for 1.0 (which works fine with custom firmware). 'Make Kxploit' causes it not to show up in the list. If I execute it from irshell, it won't load.

Currently, here is my test source code:

#include <pspkernel.h>
#include <pspdebug.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pspdisplay.h>
#include <pspctrl.h>
#include <psploadexec.h>
 
//I know I have a lot of #include, but I'm leaving them for later
 
PSP_MODULE_INFO("Ebooy", 0x1000, 0, 1);
#define printf pspDebugScreenPrintf /* Exit callback */
int exit_callback(int arg1, int arg2, void *common) {
          sceKernelExitGame();
          return 0;
}
 
/* Callback thread */
int CallbackThread(SceSize args, void *argp) {
          int cbid;
 
          cbid = sceKernelCreateCallback("Exit Callback", exit_callback, NULL);
          sceKernelRegisterExitCallback(cbid);
 
          sceKernelSleepThreadCB();
 
          return 0;
}
 
/* Sets up the callback thread and returns its thread id */
int SetupCallbacks(void) {
          int thid = 0;
 
          thid = sceKernelCreateThread("update_thread", CallbackThread, 0x11, 0xFA0, 0, 0);
          if(thid >= 0) {
                    sceKernelStartThread(thid, 0, 0);
          }
 
          return thid;
}
 
int main (void) {
    pspDebugScreenInit();
    SetupCallbacks();
    printf("Loading Eboot...\n");
    sceKernelLoadExec("ms0:/PSP/GAME/hello/EBOOT.PBP", NULL);
    printf("Eboot loaded\n");
    return 0;
}

It is meant to execute the hello world app in the hello folder. This app isn't kxploited. When I run it, it gets past the printf statement, and then crashse (sends me back to the xmb).

Please don't tell me to search. I've read every thread in this forum (as well as stuff found on google and ps2dev.org) that has anything to do with it. I think my problem has something to do with the hello world eboot (even though it runs fine by itself).

Thanks in advance.

ive had the same prob when i tried to make a mini shell and i asked every person and schearched every thread and i didnt find anything but you could try asking at pspdev.org (:

[Lukeson]

Short question: are there dynamic arrays in C (not ++)? I mean can I declare an array like "myType myName[]" and later on add items like "myName[0] = 1; myName[1] = 2;" ?

[Raphael]

Short question: are there dynamic arrays in C (not ++)? I mean can I declare an array like "myType myName[]" and later on add items like "myName[0] = 1; myName[1] = 2;" ?

No, unfortunately not. You have to do them yourself, or use a static array that holds the maximum number of elements you want to put into that array. Creating a dynamic array is not very hard though (using malloc/realloc).

[Lukeson]

Thank you. What library do I need for malloc/realloc? Is there a <stdlib.h> in PSPSDK? And is that the correct way of using them:

type name = malloc(ArraySize);
array = realloc(array, NewSize);

?

[Raphael]

Thank you. What library do I need for malloc/realloc? Is there a <stdlib.h> in PSPSDK? And is that the correct way of using them:

type name = malloc(ArraySize);
array = realloc(array, NewSize);

?

Yes, there is a stdlib.h, but you just need to include <malloc.h>, nothing more. And yes, that's the correct syntax to use.

[Lukeson]

Hm, I' getting errors:

    typedef struct
    {
        Image* iconHigh;
        Image* iconLow;
        char label[16];
        int x,y;
        int imgOffsetX;
    } MenuItem;


    typedef struct
    {
        Image* iconHigh;
        Image* iconLow;
        char label[16];
        int x,y;
        int imgOffsetX;
        MenuItem subMenu[2];
    } MainMenuItem;
    
    MainMenuItem mainMenu[5];

    mainMenu[0].subMenu = realloc(mainMenu[0].subMenu, 5);    // Line 139

Error:

main.c: In function 'main':
main.c:139: error: incompatible types in assignment

[Moonchild]

subMenu has to be a pointer if you want to malloc it (e.g. you can't allocate a struct/array with a static size).

[Cheater]

ive had the same prob when i tried to make a mini shell and i asked every person and schearched every thread and i didnt find anything but you could try asking at pspdev.org (:

I was hoping someone here would know. I guess I'll try pspdev. If you find a way to do this PSP-Maniac, please let me know.

[hallo007]

how do you port this (cout to printf)

cout<<"schrijf 2 getallen voor te vermenigvuldigen: ";
cin>>x>>y;
cin.ignore();
cout<<"het produkt van de 2 getallen is ";
cout<<x*y<<"\n";

i tested this , but it only prints text and dont execute x*y

printf("schrijf 2 getallen voor te vermenigvuldigen: ",x,y);
printf("\n");


printf("het produkt van de 2 getallen is ",x*y);

[Lukeson]

subMenu has to be a pointer if you want to malloc it (e.g. you can't allocate a struct/array with a static size).

I don't quite get it. I tried various kinds of combinations between pointers and arrays. Eg.

    typedef struct
    {
        Image* iconHigh;
        Image* iconLow;
        char label[16];
        int x,y;
        int imgOffsetX;
        MenuItem subMenu;
        MenuItem *pSubMenu;
    } MainMenuItem;

    MainMenuItem mainMenu[5];

    mainMenu[0].pSubMenu = &mainMenu[0].subMenu;
    mainMenu[0].subMenu = realloc(mainMenu[0].pSubMenu, 5);

But this doesn't only look wierd, it really don't works. Can you give me an example of how to declare an array in the mainMenuStruct later on set its size / how to create an array of MainMenuItems with SubmenuArrays of different sizes in it ?

[Moonchild]

Here:

typedef struct
    {
        Image* iconHigh;
        Image* iconLow;
        char label[16];
        int x,y;
        int imgOffsetX;
    } MenuItem;


    typedef struct
    {
        Image* iconHigh;
        Image* iconLow;
        char label[16];
        int x,y;
        int imgOffsetX;
        MenuItem *subMenu;
    } MainMenuItem;
    
    MainMenuItem mainMenu[5];


//Allocation (should be in a function)
mainMenu[0].subMenu =(MenuItem *)malloc(5);

You then use it like this (example code):

strcpy(mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].label, "Test0");
mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].x = 0;
mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].y = 0;

To reallocate it you simply do this

mainMenu[0].subMenu = (MenuItem *)realloc(mainMenu[0].subMenu, 6*sizeof(MenuItem));

[Maxime]

Well I decided to left LUA for C...
So now I'm looking for a function that detects the color of a pixel (screenixel(x,y) in LUA) what's it in C??? Tx!

[Lukeson]

Here:
[ CODE ]

You then use it like this (example code):
[ CODE ]

To reallocate it you simply do this
[ CODE ]

Thank you Homer!

[Waterbottle]

Well I decided to left LUA for C...
So now I'm looking for a function that detects the color of a pixel (screenixel(x,y) in LUA) what's it in C??? Tx!

if youre using the graphics lib you can use

getPixelScreen(int x, int y)

[Lukeson]

I don't wanna go on you guy's nerves, but I'm having a wierd error; Same code as above

    typedef struct
    {
        Image* iconHigh;
        Image* iconLow;
        char label[16];
        int x,y;
        int imgOffsetX;
    } MenuItem;


    typedef struct
    {
        Image* iconHigh;
        Image* iconLow;
        char label[16];
        int x,y;
        int imgOffsetX;
        int maxMenuItems;
        MenuItem *subMenu;
    } MainMenuItem;
    
    MainMenuItem mainMenu[5];

    mainMenu[0].subMenu =(MenuItem *)malloc(5);
    mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].iconHigh = loadImage("./img/mainmenu/s_eq_high.png");

    while(1)
    {
        if (mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].iconHigh) {
            blitAlphaImageToScreen(0 ,0 ,32 , 32, mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].iconHigh, 0, 0);
        }
    }

The problem is that the picture's all messed up:

[Moonchild]

You probably put the wrong width and height values. You should do

blitAlphaImageToScreen(0 ,0 mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].iconHigh->imageWidth, mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].iconHigh->imageHeight, mainMenu[0].subMenu[0].iconHigh, 0, 0);

[Lukeson]

No, the width and height are definitely correct. Including the image directly (using a var Image *tmp for loadImage()) it works just fine

[accepttheownage]

I am trying to hook some firmware functions (in a devhook prx) so that I can draw my menu on the screen whenever the sceDisplayWaitVblankStart function is called so that everything is ALWAYS drawn on top of the current frame and I won't get flickering. I am also trying to hook the audio output functions (sample code below) to add a boost function like in PMP Mod AVC, except this would boost all output. I have tested the code for finding the offsets for the NIDS that I need to patch, and it does find the correct ones, but there is something wrong with either my patched functions or the actual patching of the functions. As soon as a sound is played the PSP freezes, indicating that the right NIDS are patched but that something causes it to freeze. In my original code I would patch the sound functions whenever I chose to in my menu, and in that way I found out that it patches the functions but whenever I would press a button on the D-pad to trigger the sound it would freeze. Can someone help me figure out what is wrong with my code? Below is a stripped down version of my code that simply patches the functions when it loads.

#include <pspkernel.h>
#include <pspsdk.h>
#include <pspctrl.h>
#include <string.h>

PSP_MODULE_INFO("Api Hook", 0x1000, 1, 1);
PSP_MAIN_THREAD_ATTR(0);

#define J_OPCODE    0x08000000
#define NOP         0x00000000

typedef int (*SCE_AUDIO_OUTPUT)(int channel, int vol, void *buf);
typedef int (*SCE_AUDIO_OUTPUT_PANNED)(int channel, int leftvol, int rightvol, void *buf);

SCE_AUDIO_OUTPUT sceAudioOutput_Real, sceAudioOutputBlocking_Real;
SCE_AUDIO_OUTPUT_PANNED sceAudioOutputPanned_Real, sceAudioOutputPannedBlocking_Real;

void* libsFindExportAddrByNid(SceModule *pMod, u32 nid)
{
        struct SceLibraryEntryTable *entry;
        u32 *addr = NULL;
        void *entTab;
        int entLen;


        if(pMod != NULL)
        {
                int i = 0;

                entTab = pMod->ent_top;
                entLen = pMod->ent_size;
                while(i < entLen)
                {
                        int count;
                        int total;
                        unsigned int *vars;

                        entry = (struct SceLibraryEntryTable *) (entTab + i);

                        total = entry->stubcount + entry->vstubcount;
                        vars = entry->entrytable;

                        if(entry->stubcount > 0)
                        {
                                for(count = 0; count < entry->stubcount; count++)
                                {
                                    if(vars[count] == nid)
                                    {
                                        return vars[count+total];
                                    }
                                }
                        }
                        i += (entry->len * 4);
                }
        }
        else
        {
                return 0;
        }

        return 0;
}

int sceAudioOutput_patched(int channel, int vol, void *buf)
{
    return sceAudioOutput_Real(channel, 0, buf);;
}

int sceAudioOutputBlocking_patched(int channel, int vol, void *buf)
{
    return sceAudioOutputBlocking_Real(channel, 0, buf);
}


int sceAudioOutputPanned_patched(int channel, int leftvol, int rightvol, void *buf)
{
    return sceAudioOutputPanned_Real(channel, 0, 0, buf);
}

int sceAudioOutputPannedBlocking_patched(int channel, int leftvol, int rightvol, void *buf)
{
    return sceAudioOutputPannedBlocking_Real(channel, 0, 0, buf);
}


//Keep our module running
int main_thread(SceSize args, void *argp) {
    while(!sceKernelFindModuleByName("sceKernelLibrary"))
        sceKernelDelayThread(100000);

    sceKernelDelayThread(1000000);

    while(1)
    {
        sceKernelDelayThread(20000);
    }
    return 0;
}


int module_start(SceSize args, void *argp) __attribute__((alias("_start")));
int _start(SceSize args, void *argp)
{
    int thread_count = 0, counter = 0;
    SceModule *mod_tmp, *audiomod;
    SceUID thread_temp[100];

    //Get a list of modules from running threads.
    //For some reason I couldn't get a list of modules directly, maybe a problem with devhook?
    sceKernelGetThreadmanIdList(SCE_KERNEL_TMID_Thread, thread_temp, 100, &thread_count);

    for(counter=0; counter < thread_count; counter++)
    {
        SceKernelThreadInfo info;
        info.size = sizeof(SceKernelThreadInfo);

        sceKernelReferThreadStatus(thread_temp[counter], &info);

        mod_tmp = sceKernelFindModuleByAddress((u32)info.entry);

        //Find audio module based off of name, doesn't seem to work when I use the exact name =/
        if(mod_tmp->modname[3] == 'A' && mod_tmp->modname[5] == 'd')
        {
            audiomod = mod_tmp;
        }
    }

    u32 offset;

    offset = (u32)libsFindExportAddrByNid(audiomod, 0x8C1009B2);
    sceAudioOutput_Real = (SCE_AUDIO_OUTPUT)_lw(offset);
    _sw((u32)sceAudioOutput_patched, offset);

    offset = (u32)libsFindExportAddrByNid(audiomod, 0x136CAF51);
    sceAudioOutputBlocking_Real = (SCE_AUDIO_OUTPUT)_lw(offset);
    _sw((u32)sceAudioOutputBlocking_patched, offset);

    offset = (u32)libsFindExportAddrByNid(audiomod, 0xE2D56B2D);
    sceAudioOutputPanned_Real = (SCE_AUDIO_OUTPUT_PANNED)_lw(offset);
    _sw((u32)sceAudioOutputPanned_patched, offset);

    offset = (u32)libsFindExportAddrByNid(audiomod, 0x13F592BC);
    sceAudioOutputPannedBlocking_Real = (SCE_AUDIO_OUTPUT_PANNED)_lw(offset);
    _sw((u32)sceAudioOutputPannedBlocking_patched, offset);

    sceKernelDcacheWritebackAll();

    sceKernelCreateThread("hook_main_thread", main_thread, 100, 0x1000, 0, NULL);

    return 0;
}

[Grimfate126]

Well I decided to left LUA for C...
So now I'm looking for a function that detects the color of a pixel (screenixel(x,y) in LUA) what's it in C??? Tx!

if you want to check how to use lua functions in C, check the LUA player soure code. it has everything

[Lukeson]

I don't wanna go on you guy's nerves, but I'm having a wierd error; Same code as above
[ code ]
The problem is that the picture's all messed up

That problem is, thanks to СУ&am solved now :)

So I got time to come back to the transparency Issue.

Well, I use this to set the alpha value of images:

void SetAlphaImage(Image * image, unsigned int alpha)
{
	int size;
	Color *databuf;

	if(!image->data)
		return;
		
	if(alpha>255) alpha = 255;
	if(alpha<0) alpha = 0;

	size = image->textureWidth * image->textureHeight;
	databuf = image->data;

	for(i = 0; i <= size; i++)
	{
		*databuf = (*databuf & 0x00ffffff) | ((A(*databuf)-(A(*databuf)-alpha))<<24);
		databuf++;
	}
}

It neither has a return value, nor does it affect the Image-pointer, so how do you use it? (sorry, I still am a noob)

[Insert_Witty_Name]

So I got time to come back to the transparency Issue.


It neither has a return value, nor does it affect the Image-pointer, so how do you use it? (sorry, I still am a noob)

*databuf = (*databuf & 0x00ffffff) | ((A(*databuf)-(A(*databuf)-alpha))<<24);

Looks like it affects it to me mate.

Follow the function through logically - it's pretty easy to understand.

What are you trying to achieve exactly? I feel there will be an easier and faster way to execute it. The above function will be quite slow.
-= Double Post =-

well, i tried this:

void Controls() {
//read pad//
	if (pad.Buttons & PSP_CTRL_SELECT) {
		saveImage("test1.png", getVramDisplayBuffer(), 480, 272, 480, 1);
	}
}

but when i try to compile it, it gives an error:

undefined reference to 'getVramDisplayBuffer()'
undefined reference to saveImage(const char*, unsigned int*, int, int, int, int);

how can i solve that?

I can't believe I missed this the first time around. If you look at my function you will see that you only have to supply the filename and none of the other arguments.

Just do:

IMG_Screenshot("myImage.png");